1. The study of Poetry (Part 3: Sound and Rhyme)
Dima Abduljabbar
Department of English
Umm Al Qura University
Introduction to Literature, 2018

2. POETIC SUBGENERES AND KINDS
The study of poetry
When you study (analyze) a poem, you need to focus on certain elements like
POETRY
FORM OR STURCTURE
DICTION
IMAGERY
POETIC SUBGENERES AND KINDS
SOUND
Introduction to Literature, 2018

3. Introduction to Literature, 2018 daabduljabbar@uqu.edu.sa

4. The sound of poetry: “Listen to your mind’s ear”
Why SOUND matters in poetry?
Historically,
poetry began as an oral phenomenon.
The belief was and still (sometime) is
certain sound devices help reciters remember a poem.
sound devices distinguish (superior) poetry from (inferior) prose.
sound devices create music and harmony.
Introduction to Literature, 2018

5. It is all about the RHYME.
Introduction to Literature, 2018

6. Rhyme as another aural effect
The sound of poetry
Rhyme as structure
End Rhyme
Rhyme Scheme
Internal Rhyme
Rhyme as another aural effect
Alliteration
Consonance
Assonance
Onomatopoeia
Introduction to Literature, 2018

7. Rhyme as structure End Rhyme Rhyme Scheme Internal Rhyme
Introduction to Literature, 2018

8. “Occurs when the last words in two or more lines of a poem rhyme with each other”
"O 'Melia, my dear, this does everything crown! Who could have supposed I should meet you in Town? And whence such fair garments, such prosperi-ty?" — "O didn't you know I'd been ruined?" said she.
"You left us in tatters, without shoes or socks, Tired of digging potatoes, and spudding up docks; And now you've gay bracelets and bright feathers three!" — "Yes: that's how we dress when we're ruined," said she.
Introduction to Literature, 2018

9. “The ordered pattern of rhymes at the ends of the lines of a poem or verse”
"O 'Melia, my dear, this does everything crown! a Who could have supposed I should meet you in Town? a And whence such fair garments, such prosperi-ty?" — b "O didn't you know I'd been ruined?" said she. b
"You left us in tatters, without shoes or socks, c Tired of digging potatoes, and spudding up docks; c And now you've gay bracelets and bright feathers three!" — b "Yes: that's how we dress when we're ruined," said she. b
The rhyme scheme of the above stanzas is
aabb ccbb
Introduction to Literature, 2018

10. “Occurs when a word within a line rhymes with another word in the same or adjacent lines”
In mist or cloud, on mast or shroud, It perched for vespers nine; Whiles all the night, through fog-smoke white, Glimmered the white moon-shine.“
mist and mast do slightly rhyme. They create a slant rhyme.
Introduction to Literature, 2018

11. The sound of poetry
Introduction to Literature, 2018

12. “The occurrence of the same consonant sounds at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words” “The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew,” Alliteration is in the f and the b sounds.
Introduction to Literature, 2018

13. “Tyger Tyger, burning bright”
“The repetition of consonant sounds at the end of, or within, words”
“Tyger Tyger, burning bright”
Consonance is in the repetition of the g and r sounds.
Introduction to Literature, 2018

14. “The repetition of the vowel sounds in a sequence of words”
“A host, of golden daffodils; Beside the lake, beneath the trees, Fluttering and dancing in the breeze”
Assonance is in the ə and the i: sounds
Introduction to Literature, 2018

15. “A word which sound describes its meaning”
“The moan of doves in immemorial elms, And murmuring of innumerable bees […]”
Introduction to Literature, 2018

16. Alliteration? Consonance? Assonance? Onomatopoeia?
Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore—     While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. “’Tis some visitor,” I muttered, “tapping at my chamber door—             Only this and nothing more.”
Introduction to Literature, 2018

17. Alliteration? Consonance? Assonance? Onomatopoeia?
Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore—     While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. “’Tis some visitor,” I muttered, “tapping at my chamber door—             Only this and nothing more.”
Introduction to Literature, 2018

18. End of Presentation
Introduction to Literature, 2018