1. Julius N. Kabubi Kenya Meteorological Department
The role of National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHS) in DRR
Julius N. Kabubi
Kenya Meteorological Department

2. The role of Meteorology/KMD
Weather Monitoring
Weather Forecasting
Climate prediction/ICPAC
Early warnings
Weather and climate Advisories
Food security
Climate Change Detection and attribution
Research and outreach programmes
Disaster Risk Reduction activities

3. Sectors Served by KMD Aeronautical meteorological services;
Oceanography and Marine Meteorological services
Service to the National Defence and Security Forces
Early Warning Information for Disaster Risk Management in various sectors of the economy;
Monitoring air pollution for Climate Change detection and attribution as well as for Public Health and safety;
Environmental Protection and Management;
Services to the Agricultural sector for improved productivity and enhanced Food Security;

4. Sectors served by KMD cont;
Services to the Energy sector for hydroelectric power including new and renewable power generation, distribution and management;
Hydro meteorological services for Water Resources Development and Management;
Services to Forestry and Wildlife to improve reforestation and determine fire dangers to forests and wildlife;
Services to Construction / Building Industry and Commerce;
Services to Recreation and Tourism; and
Data to Research Institutions among others

5. Other duties and responsibly NMHS
Establishment and maintenance of a national meteorological observation network mandatory for weather and climate observations
Monitoring, detection and prediction of weather and climate phenomena and dissemination of relevant products and early warnings;
Monitoring environmental pollution and Greenhouse Gases, including ozone
Exchange and transmission of meteorological data nationally, regional and internationally;
Carrying out meteorological training and research to improve the quality of meteorological services
Archival of long-term reliable national climatologically records
Regional and iternational mandates – WMO, UNFCCC, ICAO ,

6. Primary weather products
Now casting (6 hrs ahead)
Weather Forecasts
24 hrs,4 days,7 days,14 days,1 month & Seasonal
Specialized forecasts;
Aviation
Marine
Agriculture
Food security
Water resources
Energy
Disaster management
Health and other sectors

7. Secondary products
Trends and patterns in wind regimes
Climatological summaries
Intensities of rainfall and durations
Trends in temperature regimes
Customer tailored weather and climate
Regional influences by meso-scale weather systems
Seasonality analysis
Design curves (IDF, Flow Duration curves)

8. Some products –Long-term distribution of RF

9. Trends in Temperature at Dagoretti (Nairobi)
MINIMUM
MAXIMUM

10. TEMPERATURE RANGE AT DAGORETTI

11. OBSERVED CLIMATE CHANGE SIGNALS IN KENYA : Increases in temperature
Local maximum temperature trends for Lodwar(Left) and Dagoretti(Right)

12. Observed Climate Change Signals in Kenya: Decreasing October – November –December (OND) Seasonal Rainfall Trends
Nyahururu
Marsabit
Narok

13. Finally – Early warning Information for DRR
Weather warnings and alerts
Weather advisories
Climate forecasts and predictions
Climate advisories
Stream flow Modeling
Extreme Weather and severe climate events
Droughts Early warning (La-nina conditions)
Floods Early warning (El Nino conditions )
Real time flood forecasting
Extreme temperatures (heat waves)
Fog and frost
NB/ Early warning is applied throughout the disaster cycle (Preparedness, response, relief and reconstruction)

14. Initiatives to improve on EWS for DRR
Awareness campaign with partners (Nile IWRM-Net, UNISDR, UNOCHA, MOSSP, NDOC and Universities) on Hydro-climatic disasters
Real time monitoring of hazards - Western Kenya flood mitigation project
Timely communication of information
Research work for thresh-holding of hazards
ICPAC – Climate advisories and forecasts
RANET Project
Staff deployment to the provinces
Tsunami early warning system

15. Human Encroachment on slopy areas result into: landslides, Mudflows &Rock flow

16. Flooded Rural Villages: Loss of Livelihood