1. How do political Parties of the Day effect our Government?

2. Chapter 8, Section 3 - The First Political Parties
Target: By the election of 1796, two distinct views about the role of government had formed.
Chapter 8, Section 3 - The First Political Parties

4. The United States now had a functioning federal government.
The economy was improving.
Washington had avoided war.
The British had been forced to leave their forts in the Northwest Territory, making that region safe for settlement.
Washington’s Accomplishments

5. Opposing Views
As Washington’s presidency come to an end, not everyone is in favor of his decisions
Disagreements over philosophies of government, interpretations of the Constitution, economic and regional interests, foreign affairs.
Development of groups of people with similar ideas known as “factions” or political parties today

7. Washington and Political Parties
Washington did not like political parties and feared they would divide the nation.
How do we know this?
Founding fathers did not conceive of political parties
What about federalist and anti-federalist
Others thought that factions were just a natural part of government.
Washington himself was partisan – favoring one side over another
By mid 1970s, two political parties emerge.

8. Federalist
Use to mean people who supported the constitution – Now means people who supported the policies of George Washington.
Still stood for a strong federal government
Admired strength of Britain, distrusted France because of its revolution
Favored banking and shipping interest
Support from Northeast, and wealthy southern planters
Hamilton emerges as an important supporter of Federalist beliefs

9. Democratic-Republican
Limit government power
Feared a strong federal government would endanger peoples liberties.
Supported the French and their fight for liberties
Appealed to small farmers and urban workers especially in the Middle Atlantic states.
Headed by Thomas Jefferson

10. Views of the Constitution
Federalist
Democratic-Republican
Government has implied powers – power not specifically stated in Constitution
Example: Creation of a National Bank
Wanted a strict interpretation of the Constitution
Accept idea of implied powers but only ones that were absolutely necessary.

11. Democratic-Republican
The People’s Role
Federalist
Democratic-Republican
Representative Government – Elected officials rule in people’s name.
Not wise to let public become to involved in politics
Office held by honest educated men with property.
Ordinary people swayed easily
People needed to participate in government in order for liberty to be safe.

12. What does that all mean?

13. Differences Between the First Political Parties
Federalist
Democratic-Republicans
Leader: Alexander Hamilton
Favored:
Ruled by the wealthy
Emphasis on manufacturing
Loose interpretation of the Constitution
British Alliance
National Bank
Protective Tariffs
Leader: Thomas Jefferson
Favored:
Ruled by the people
Emphasis on agriculture
Strict interpretation of the Constitution
French Alliance
State Banks
Free trade

14. The election of 1796 vs

15. Each party held a caucuses – meeting of party members to choice their party’s candidate.
Federalist Presidential Candidate: John Adams
Federalist Vice Presidential Candidate: Charles Pinckney
Democratic Republican Presidential Candidate: Thomas Jefferson
Democratic Republican Vice Presidential Candidate: Aaron Burr

16. And the winner is…..

17. John Adams

18. Election Campaign of 1796
Decide where your party stands on the following issues and WHY!
State Government versus Federal Government
A National Bank
Tariffs
Interpretation of the United States Constitution
Attitude Towards Great Britain
Attitude Towards France