1. Elements, Compounds & Mixtures

2. Matter
Matter is anything that has mass and volume. Remember… Mass is a measure of how much matter is in an object. Volume is the amount of space taken up by an object.

3. What’s the Matter? Matter NOT Matter
After the students spend time sorting the cards, go over the answers and ask them questions such as:
Which cards were the easiest to identify?
Were there any cards that you had a hard time with?
What are some other examples of matter?
Can you think of more examples that are not matter?

4. How is Matter Classified?
Some types of matter are substances and some are not. A substance is a single kind of matter that is pure, meaning it is made up of only one type of atom or molecule.
molecules
atom

5. Atoms & Molecules
An atom is the basic particle from which all elements are made. A molecule is a group of 2 or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.
atom
molecules

6. made up of only 1 type of atom or molecule
What We Have So Far…
has mass & volume
Matter
Substance
made up of only 1 type of atom or molecule

7. Elements
An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into any other substances by chemical or physical means.
The Element Song

8. Elements
Most elements are made up of the same individual atoms. Some elements (7) are diatomic molecules, which means they have 2 atoms bonded together.

9. Compounds
A compound is a substance made of 2 or more elements that are chemically combined in a set ratio.

10. What We Have So Far… Matter Substance Element Compound
has mass & volume
Matter
made up of only 1 type of atom or molecule
Substance
Element
Compound
cannot be broken down
2 or more elements that are chemically combined

11. homogeneous or heterogeneous
Mixtures
A mixture is made of 2 or more substances that are together in the same place, but their atoms are not chemically bonded.
Mixtures can be
homogeneous or heterogeneous

12. Homogeneous Mixtures
A homogeneous mixture has substances that are so evenly mixed that you can’t see the different parts.
milk
soy sauce
Kool-Aid
coffee
vinegar
dish soap

13. Heterogeneous Mixtures
A heterogeneous mixture is made up of particles that you can usually see and they can easily be separated.
guacamole
M & M’s
trail mix
salad
pizza
cereal

14. What We Have So Far… Matter Substance Mixture Element Compound
has mass & volume
Matter
2 or more substances not chemically combined
made up of only 1 type of atom or molecule
Substance
Mixture
Element
Compound
Homogeneous
Heterogeneous
you cannot see the different parts
you can see the different parts & they can easily be separated
cannot be broken down
2 or more elements that are chemically combined

15. Elements, Compounds & Mixtures Lab
Write down the Jar number and if the substance is classified as an element, compound, or mixture (heterogeneous/homogeneous)

16. Solute: the substance being dissolved
Solutions
A solution is a mixture containing a solvent and at least one solute and it has the same properties throughout.
Solute: the substance being dissolved
Solvent: the substance that is usually present in the largest amount & does the dissolving

17. Solutes & Solvents
For each of the following solutions, determine what the solutes and solvents are.
Solution
Solute(s)
Solvent
Chocolate Milk
Coffee
Freshly Squeezed Lemonade
Freshly Squeezed Orange Juice
Hot Chocolate
Iced Tea
Kool-Aid
Mountain Dew
Ocean Water
Sterling Silver

18. Universal Solvent
In many of the solutions on the previous slide, water is the solvent. Since water dissolves so many substances, it is often called the “universal solvent.”

19. Colloids
A colloid is a mixture containing small, undissolved particles that do not settle out. The particles are too small to be seen without a microscope, yet they are large enough to scatter a beam of light.
smoke
milk
shaving cream
not
a colloid
a colloid

20. Suspensions
A suspension is a mixture in which particles can be seen and easily separated by settling or filtration.
snow globe
muddy water

21. How Can Mixtures Be Separated?
Filtration – this a good method for separating an insoluble solid (one that does not dissolve) from a liquid; they separate when pouring the mixture through a filter

22. How Can Mixtures Be Separated?
Evaporation – this is good for separating a soluble solid (one that dissolves) from a liquid; the liquid changes to a gas & the solid components are left behind

23. How Can Mixtures Be Separated?
Distillation – good for separating liquids from each other

24. How Can Mixtures Be Separated?
Magnetic attraction – good for separating iron from a mixture