1. Classifying Matter
5.2

2. What is Matter? Matter-anything that has mass & volume
Mass-amount of matter in an object
Do not confuse with weight!
Weight-gravitational pull on an object
Volume- amount of space an object takes up

3. Matter occurs in Phases
Solid-particles very close together, vibrating extremely slowly.
Liquid-particles a little farther apart, vibrating a little faster.
Gas-particles very far apart, vibrating extremely fast.
Plasma, Bose-Einstein Condensates, Non- newtonians fluids

6. Pure Substances
A pure substance is matter that always has exactly the same composition.
Pure substances are classified into two categories: elements and compounds

7. Elements
Element- a substance that cannot be broken down by ordinary means.
Atom- smallest part of an element still having the properties of that element.
Examples: aluminum, gold, iodine

8. Compounds Compound- 2 or more simpler substances combined chemically.
Elements present are in specific ratios.
Atoms are evenly distributed
Cannot be separated by ordinary means
Properties of compound differ from properties of simpler substances that make it up
Examples:
H2O water
NaCl salt

10. Mixtures
A mixture is when two or more substances are physically combined.
Not set in specific ratios, not chemically bonded
Not evenly distributed
Can be separated by ordinary means
Properties can vary because composition varies
Examples: pizza, salsa

11. Two Categories of Mixtures
Homogenous Mixture
Mixture looks the same throughout.
Can’t see different parts.
Small Particles
Examples: Kool-aid, salt-water

12. Heterogeneous Mixture
Mixture DOES NOT look the same throughout.
Can see different parts.
Large Particles
Mixed nuts, salad

13. 3 types of mixtures
More specifically, there are 3 types of mixtures based on particle size.
Solution
very small particles
won’t separate into layers
cannot be filtered
Ex: salt water

14. Suspension large particles separates into layers over time
can be filtered
Ex: Italian dressing.

15. Tyndall effect, the scattering of light by colloidal particles
intermediate particles
cannot be filtered
Ex: milk, fog
Detected by the
Tyndall effect, the scattering of
light by colloidal particles