1. Eating Disorders Ergogenic Aids

2. Bell Work
If your name starts with an “A” find one interesting fact about anorexia nervosa.
If your name starts with P find one interesting fact about Compulsive Eating Disorder.
If your name starts with H, find one interesting fact about Bulimia.
If your name starts with S, find one interesting fact about ergogenic aids.
If your name starts with D, find one interesting fact about steroid use.

3. Standards
18) Choose a health parameter relevant to weight management disorders, such as the presence of anorexia nervosa in teens. Research local incidence information and investigate the scope of the disease/disorder in vulnerable populations. Compare that data to similar state, regional, and national information. Develop an action plan for addressing the weight management disorder for the identified area, complete with an analysis of the pros and cons associated with popular diets, recommended caloric intake, appropriate exercise, and other healthcare interventions. 19. According to articles in professional journals, ergogenic aids have been theorized to improve athletic performance in a variety of ways. In an informational essay, state the definition of ergogenic aids, identify how they are classified (including those that are banned), and describe documented benefits, dangers, and side effects.

4. Objective Identify weight management disorders
Define ergogenic aids, how they are classified, and describe documented benefits, dangers, and side effects.

5. One out of every 150 American females ages years will develop an eating disorder. Statistically athletes are at a greater risk.
1/3 of all Americans are obese and 60% are overweight.
77% of individuals with eating disorders report that the illness can last anywhere from one to fifteen years or even longer in some cases.
Anyone with an eating disorder is at risk for death.

6. The mortality rate for eating disorders is approximately 20%
The mortality rate for eating disorders is approximately 20%. Death is usually due to a “side effect” of the disorder, i.e. cardiac arrest or kidney failure.
Long-term, irreversible consequences of eating disorders may affect one’s physical and emotional health. Only 50% of all people with eating disorders report being “cured”.
10% of all people with eating disorders are male

7. The typical person with an eating disorder
Obedient
perfectionist
over-compliant
highly motivated
successful academically
well liked
Signs of malnutrition.
Menstrual irregularities.
Loss of hair.
Light-headedness.
Blood-shot eyes.
good athlete

8. Signs to look for include:
Lack of confidence in performance.
Ritualistic eating behaviors, such as cutting food into small pieces and playing with it.
Obsession with calories.
Obsession with weight.
Distorted body image.
Wearing layers of baggy clothing to hide thinness.

9. Signs to look for include:
Social isolation
Nervous at mealtime, avoidance of eating in public.
Patterns of leaving the table directly to go to the bathroom.
Running water in the bathroom after meals to hide the sound of vomiting.
Significant weight loss.
Obsession with grades.

10. Signs to look for include:
Obsession with organization of personal space.
High emotions; tearful, uptight, overly sensitive, restless.
Recurrent overuse injuries and stress fractures.
Inability to concentrate.
Chronic fatigue.
Compulsive exercising.
Decrease in performance.
Depression.

11. Anorexia Nervosa
Intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat, even though they are already under-weight.
Distorted body image (i.e., claiming to “feel fat” even when emaciated), with an undue influence of body weight or shape on self-perception.
Weight loss to less than 85% of normal body weight.
Refusal to maintain body weight over a minimal normal weight for age and height.
Denial of the seriousness of the current weight loss.
Absence of at least three consecutive menstrual cycles.

12. Bulimia Nervosa
Recurrent episodes of binge eating, characterized by both of the following:
Purging - compensating for the food binge to prevent weight gain,
Binge eating and purging, on average, at least twice a week for three months.
Evaluating self-worth according to body shape and weight.

13. Compulsive Eating
A large percentage of individuals with eating disorders are compulsive eaters.
A compulsive eater keeps eating beyond the time when hunger has been satisfied. Eating is driven by anxiety, fear, frustration, or anger, rather than by hunger or even pleasure.
Compulsive eaters do not eat for pleasure.
Weight does not indicate compulsive eating.

14. “Bigger-exia”
Describes individuals who use steroids and other ergogenic aids to build muscles. They are compulsive and excessive about body building workouts.
These individuals see extreme size as something to aspire to.
Many health problems are associated with the use of steroids.

15. Ergogenic Aids A performance enhancer
anything that gives you a mental or physical edge while exercising or competing.

16. Ergogenic Aids
Any substance (or food) that is believed to enhance one’s performance above normal standards
The IOC definition: “The administration or use of substances in any form alien to the body or of physiological substances in abnormal amounts and with abnormal methods by health persons with the exclusive aim of attaining an artificial and unfair increase in performance in sports”

17. The use substances is controversial
Large amount of athletes
Drug testing instituted to help eliminate the use of these substances
Use of these substances cannot be condoned!
Ethical violations
Competition
Health problems

18. Ephedra Reduce fatigue Increase strength, power, and speed
Decrease reaction time
Improve body composition
Research indicates that there are no beneficial effects
Side-effects
Tremors, palpitations, headache, restlessness, anxiety, and insomnia
Increases in both heart rate and blood pressure
Seizures, severe hypertension, arrhythmias, psychosis, hepatitis, stroke, myocardial injury, and intracranial hemorrhage

19. Caffeine 90% of competitive athletes consume it
60 % consume it for the purpose of enhancing performance.
Increased
Work output
Speed
Attention
Reduced perceived exertion and fatigue
Side-effects
Sleep deprivation, nausea, cramping, anxiety, fatigue, headaches, and gastrointestinal instability
Muscle tightness, muscle cramping, and dehydration

20. Other Ergogenic Acids Narcotics Beta Blockers Diuretics
Anabolic steroids
Human Growth Hormone
Erythropoietin/Blood doping
Local Anesthetics
Creatine
What is the drug?
What does it do?
How could it help performance?
What are side-effects?

21. Narcotics Masks pain caused by musculoskeletal injury,
Allows them to compete
Side-Effects of Narcotics
Nausea
Vomiting
Dizziness
Addiction
Hypotension
Drowsiness
Mood disturbances

22. Beta Blockers Reduces Side-effects
Blood pressure, heart rate, muscle tremors and even anxiety
Relaxing effect on muscle function
Side-effects
Severe blood sugar changes and heart failure
Interferes with performing strenuous physical activities
Nausea
Weakness when the heart cannot compensate for the body's demands

23. Diuretics Increases the amount you urinate
Sports where weight is a concern
Dilute presence of drug markers in the urine
Side-effects
Life-threatening dehydration
Loss of sodium, dizziness, headaches, muscle cramps and thirst

24. Anabolic Steroids Male hormone testosterone Side-effects men
Treat conditions that cause a loss of lean muscle mass
Help body metabolize proteins
Facilitate the development of skeletal muscle
Delay fatigue
Create a feeling of euphoria
Side-effects men
infertility, breast development, shrinking of the testicles, male-pattern baldness, severe acne and cysts
Side-effects women
Deeper voice, excessive growth of body hair, male- pattern baldness, severe acne and cysts
Other Effects of Anabolic Steroid Abuse
Delayed growth in adolescents, tendon rupture, increased LDL cholesterol, decreased HDL cholesterol, high blood pressure, heart attacks, enlargement of the heart's left ventricle, cancer, jaundice, fluid retention, HIV/AIDS, hepatitis, "roid rage" - rage and aggression, mania, delusions

25. Human Growth Hormone Brain produces and releases growth hormones
Development and repair of cells
Proposed Benefits
Increased synthesis of muscle protein
Stimulation of bone growth
Increased fat metabolism
Decreased body fat
Increased blood glucose
Enhanced injury healing
Side-effects
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Edema
Arthritis
Atrophy, or shrinkage, of the pituitary gland

26. Erythropoietin (EPO) Naturally-occurring hormone
Stimulates production of red blood cells

27. Blood Doping https://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=JGti1J6oNc4
Proposed Benefits
Improved oxygen circulation to the muscles and tissues
Increased muscle energy production
Increased muscle strength and size
Increased endurance
Reduced muscle recovery time
Side-effects
Thicken the blood
Increases the strain on the heart
Increases the risk of blood clots
Heart attacks
Strokes
m/watch?v=JGti1J6oNc4

28. Local Anesthetics
Treating inflammation and the pain and discomfort associated with inflammation
Possible Benefits
Able to play on injury area
Less pain
Side-effects
Hemorrhaging or bleeding
Mental functions impaired
Allergic reaction
Destruction of the cartilage in the joint
Nerve damage
Weakened and ruptured tendons
Thinning of the nearby bone
Increased pain and discomfort, as well as a worsening of the underlying condition

29. Creatine non-essential amino acid stored in muscles for energy
formed from amino acids and plays a role in converting food into energy
kidney disease and kidney failure, water retention, nausea, diarrhea, cramping, muscle pain, and high blood pressure
atch?v=BR3dDO1Sz0E

30. Preventing Drug Use In Sport
The goal of sporting organizations is to protect the health of athletes and to help ensure that competition is fair and equitable.
Sports programs should have full-service programs that provide substance abuse education, counseling, and drug- detection.
Drug testing should be performed periodically in a random manner.

31. Athletes, parents, coaches, athletic trainers, physicians, and administrators must be educated about the dangers of drug abuse and the fact that it has no place in sports participation and recreation.
Above all, a sports program must adopt the philosophy that “winning at all costs” is wrong.
It is essential for athletes to believe that if they do their very best and adhere to the rules of the sport, they will be doing exactly what is expected of them.

32. Assignment 1
Standard 19: Identify how they are classified (including those that are banned), and describe documented benefits, dangers, and side effects.

33. Assignment 2: Pick One Ergogenic Aid
a. How readily available is this supplement/aid?
 b. Are they a popular form of supplementation/aid use among athletes? Which type of athletes use them? Why?
b. Is it considered illegal or legal? Ethical? Explain.
c. Is it safe? Effective? What are the characteristics of the groups in which effectiveness was shown (i.e. - age, gender, training, nutritional status, etc.)
Complete Chart:/Questions: Due by Thursday, Nov. 30