1. Science Review for CRCT

2. Ecology Unit

3. What are the levels of Ecological organization from smallest to largest?

4. Organism
Population
Community
Ecosystem

5. Organism

6. One member of one species

7. Population

8. All the members of a species in an area
Ex: all the people in this room

9. Community

10. All the members of all species in an area
Ex: all the people, bacteria, insects in the room

11. Ecosystem

12. All the biotic and abiotic factors in an area
Ex: people, bacteria, insects, light, temperate, water, desks, and humidity in this room

13. Autotroph

14. An organism that can make its own food

15. What are the 3 types of symbiosis?

16. Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism

17. Mutualism

18. A type of symbiosis where BOTH organisms benefit
Ex:

19. Commensalism

20. A type of symbiosis where ONE organism benefits and ONE organism is neither harmed or helped
Ex:

21. Parasitism

22. A type of symbiosis where ONE organism BENEFITS and ONE is HARMED
Ex:

23. Parasite and host

24. Parasite: The organism in parasitism that benefits
Host: the organism in parasitism that is harmed

25. Predation

26. A relationship where one organism hunts and KILLS another

27. Predator and prey

28. Predator: the organism in predation that KILLS
Prey: the organism in predation that IS KILLED

29. Competition

30. Where 2 or more organisms struggle for a common resource (food, water, shelter, etc.)

31. Food chain

32. A series of events hows the flow of energy from one organism to another in an ecosystem
Sun flower rabbit bobcat

33. Food Web

34. Several food chains interconnected together

35. Heterotroph

36. An organism that CANNOT produce its own food

37. Get ready for……..

38. Biomes

39. Describe a tropical rainforest

40. Close to the equator
Warm temperatures that don’t vary much (20-25 C)
LOTS of rain ( cm/yr)
LOTS of plant and animal species

41. Describe a desert

42. Large temperature shifts from day to night (-4 to 38 C)
LESS than 25 cm of rain a year
Organisms are adapted to little rainfall

43. Describe a Savannah

44. Temperatures are more comfortable than a desert
25-about 100 cm of rainfall
Rich soil (grasses, shrubs, and small trees)

45. Describe a Temperate Forest

46. Seasons with temperature changes (-30 to 30 C)
50 – 150 cm of rain a year
Deciduous trees (trees that lose their leaves in winter)

47. Describe a Taiga

48. Colder than a temperate forest (with very cold, often snowy winters and warm, rainy summers)
Coniferous trees (trees that have needles and keep them in winter)

49. Describe a tundra

50. Largest and most northern biome
Extremely cold and dry (-40 to 18 C)
Permafrost- frozen soil
LITTLE rainfall (less than 25 cm/yr
Plant species are short and low to the ground

51. Describe a freshwater biome

52. Includes ponds, lakes, rivers, swamps, marsh, and streams
Vary in location around the world, but most larger lakes are in North America

53. Describe the marine biome

54. Oceans
Temperature, rainfall, and species will depend on ocean and location in it.

55. Describe estuaries

56. Areas of shallow sunlight water around the world
Nutrient rich soil
Supports lots of diverse species

57. Ready for…….

58. Cells

59. Passive Transport

60. A type of movement across a cell membrane the requires LITTLE or NO ENERGY
From an area of HIGH concentration to LOW concentration

61. Diffusion

62. Movement of MOLECULES requiring little or no energy

63. Osmosis

64. The movement of WATER requiring little or no energy

65. Active Transport

66. A type of movement across a cell membrane the requires A LOT of ENERGY
From an area of LOW concentration to HIGH concentration

67. Engulfing

68. A form of active transport where the cell membrane BENDS and SUROUNDS a particle and forms a vacuole around it.

69. Transport Protein

70. A form of active transport where a protein PICKS UP and CARRIES a material across a cell membrane

71. Selectively Permeable

72. The term which refers to a cell membrane’s ability to determine what can enter or leave a cell

73. Photosynthesis

74. The process by which a plant cell captures sunlight to produce glucose

75. Formula for Photosynthesis

76. 6H2O + 6CO2 ATP C6H12O6 + 6O2

77. Respiration

78. The process by which cells break down glucose to produce ENERGY

79. Equation for cellular respiration

80. C6H12O6 + 6O CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

81. Stages of mitosis

82. Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

83. Organic compounds

84. Compounds that contain CARBON
Ex: proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids

85. Inorganic Compounds

86. Compounds that DO NOT contain CARBON
Ex: water, oxygen, carbon dioxide (the exception to the rule)

87. Cell membrane

88. The organelle that surrounds the cell and determines what can enter and leave the cell (selectively permeable)
Memory device: Door

89. Nucleus

90. The control center of the cell. Controls other cell functions
The control center of the cell. Controls other cell functions. Also contains the DNA
Memory device: Brain
***Not found in bacteria cells***

91. Mitochondria

92. Produces energy for the cell. The “powerhouse” of the cell
Memory device: Muscles

93. Cytoplasm

94. The gel-like liquid which holds most of the cell organelles
Memory device: jello

95. Chloroplast

96. The GREEN organelle found in plant cells that captures the sunlight to produce glucose for the cell.
Memory device: solar panels

97. Get ready for…….

98. Human Body Systems

99. Which systems work together for HOMEOSTASIS?

100. Nervous
Excretory
Integumentary (skin)

101. Which systems work together for EXCRETING WASTES?

102. Excretory
Digestive
Respiratory
Circulatory
Integumentary

103. Which systems work together for MOVING/RUNNING?

104. Muscular
Skeletal
Nervous
Respiratory
Circulatory

105. Which systems work together for FIGHTING PATHOGENS?

106. Immune
Lymphatic
Circulatory

107. Which systems work together for SENDING SIGNALS?

108. Nervous
Endocrine
Circulatory

109. Which systems work together for EXCHANGE OF 02 AND CO2 ?

110. Respiratory
Circulatory

111. Which systems work together for TAKING FOOD/NUTRIENTS TO CELLS?

112. Digestive
Circulatory

113. Which systems work together for MAKING OFFSPRING?

114. Reproductive
Endocrine

115. Get ready for…….

116. Genetics

117. Allele

118. Half of a gene and codes for a specific trait
Ex: T, r, e, B

119. Gene

120. Two alleles paired together to code for a trait
Ex: EE, Hh, uu, YY

121. Chromosome

122. 1000’s of genes together coding for many traits
***Humans have 46 total***

123. Homozygous

124. Having the SAME alleles for a trait
Ex: KK, dd, AA

125. Heterozygous

126. Having DIFFERENT alleles for a trait
Ex: Ww, Ss, Mm

127. Purebred

128. An organism that always produces offspring with the SAME TRAITS as it.

129. Hybrid

130. An organism that has different alleles for a trait

131. Genotype

132. An organism’s genetic make up
Ex: TT, Rr, dd

133. Phenotype

134. An organism’s physical characteristics
Ex: hair color, eye color, skin color, height, number of toes

135. Trait

136. Physical characteristics of an organism

137. Selective Breeding

138. The process of determining which traits are passed on from parent to offspring
Two types: hybridization and inbreeding

140. Asexual Reproduction

141. One parent passing on its genetic information directly

142. Which kinds of organisms reproduce asexually?

143. ALL bacteria (Binary fission)
Protists
Plants and fungi can

144. Sexual Reproduction

145. Having 2 parents pass on HALF of their genetic material to offspring

146. Which organisms reproduce sexually?

147. Almost all Animals do
Plants usually do
Bacteria (conjugation)
Protists and fungi can

148. Get ready for…….

149. Evolution

150. Evolution

151. The gradual change in a species over time

152. Natural selection

153. The process where organisms that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce
Survival of the fitest

154. Mimicry

155. Where one organism looks like another organism for the goal of surviving

156. Camoflauge

157. When an organism attempts to blend into the environment for the goal of surviving in the environment

158. Venom

159. Poison produced by some predators for the purpose of capturing prey

160. Fossil

161. The preserved remains of organisms in the past

162. Sedimentary Rock

163. The form of rock in which most fossils are found

164. 2 types of evolution

165. Gradualism
Punctuated equilibria

166. Gradualism

167. When evolution occurs SLOWLY over a LONG PERIOD of time

168. Punctuated equilibria

169. When evolution occurs RAPIDLY in SHORT BURSTS

170. Get ready for ……..

171. Classification

172. Name the 6 kingdoms from simplist to most complex

173. Archebacteria
Eubacteria
Protist
Fungi
Plantea (plants)
Animalia (animals)

174. Name the 7 levels of classification from largest to smallest

175. Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

176. THE END : )