1. KEY CONCEPT All cells need chemical energy.

2. Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration The “Big Picture”
Light is sent to leaves of plants

3. (In Autotrophs only) Process of Photosynthesis
Chlorophyll in a plant’s chloroplast absorbs the light energy and converts it into glucose, a carbohydrate.
(In ALL cells)
Process of Cellular Respiration
Mitochondria break down the glucose to form ATP which is a stored and useable form of energy

4. Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration (In all cells) ATP Cycle
The chemical energy used for most cell processes is supplied by ATP molecules.

5. ATP Molecules
Phosphate groups
Adenosine (adenine + ribose)
tri=3
di=2

6. ATP Cycle
The ATP cycle is like a rechargeable battery. Breaking off a ~P uses energy. Adding a ~P adds energy.
A P ~ P ~P
High energy bonds
A P ~ P ~P
(ATP)
A P ~ P
(ADP)
A P
(AMP)

7. Energy is released when a phosphate is removed
ATP Cycle (continued)
Energy is released when a phosphate is removed
Energy is added when a phosphate is added
phosphate removed

8. Organisms break down organic molecules to make ATP.
Carbohydrates are the molecules most commonly broken down to make ATP.
up to 36 ATP from one glucose molecule
Lipids store the most energy.
80 percent of the energy in your body
about 146 ATP from a fat
Proteins are least likely to be broken down to make ATP.
amino acids not usually needed for energy
about the same amount of energy as a carbohydrate

9. Comparison of Energy from Organic Compounds