1. PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS
Lecture Notes Key: ^ means discuss before notes
v means discuss after notes^

2. III. Types of Psych Disorders 2. Dissociative Disorder
separation of certain personality components or mental processes from conscious thought.
V 2. Have you ever been watching tv and may be heard your parents calling you but not? Your mom or dad finally yells at you saying they have been calling you for the last 5 minutes.. You were watching tv and were unaware that you were being called. That’s Dissociation - dissociating yourself from your consciousness. YOur so into your own thoughts that you unaware of what is going on around you. Another example Driving - you’re daydreaming while you are driving and you miss an exit or a turn..
Three types. -
A. Dissociative Amnesia
B. Dissociative Fugue
C. Dissociative Identity Disorder
D. Depersonalization Disorder

3. III. Types of Psych Disorders A. Dissociative Amnesia -
A person experiencing dissociative amnesia typically cannot remember any events that occurred for a certain period of time surrounding the traumatic event. Sometimes, a person may forget all prior experiences and may be unable to remember his or her name, recognize friends and family or recall important personal information. May last a few hours or years. Memory is likely to return just as suddenly as it was lost. It cannot be explained biologically or physically. In other words you can’t get it from sustaining head injury from a car accident, but you could get it from witnessing a groosum accident.
A. Dissociative Amnesia -
A sudden loss of memory, usually following a particularly stressful or traumatic event.
- no physical explanation

4. III. Types of Psych Disorders B. Dissociative Fugue -
2. Dissociative Disorder cont.
A person travels away from their home or workplace, they may take on a new name, residence, and occupation. They may become socially active in their new identify and not appear to be ill in any way. When the fugue comes to an end, they no longer remember what happened during the fugue state.
Like dissociative amnesia, dissociative fugue usually follows a traumatic event that is psychologically very stressful. It is reported most frequently during wartime and natural disasters.
An embedded link to a 2:14 minute Fugue News Story/Youtube video.
Mac users, click on black circle to open browser and view a 2:14 minute Fugue News Story/Youtube video
Original link: D8ewLofv1Vc
B. Dissociative Fugue -
Amnesia characterized by a loss of their personal identity, which can result in traveling to another location and the assumption of a new identity.

5. III. Types of Psych Disorders
2. Dissociative Disorder cont.
Shirley Mason
AKA
Sybil
V Dissociative identity Disorder - The various personalities may or may not be aware of the others, and at least two of the personalities take turns controlling the individual’s behavior, and at least two of the personalities take turns controlling the individual’s behavior.
Each personality is likely to be different from the others in several ways, including in such observable traits as voice, facial expressions, and handedness as well as self-perceived age, gender, and physical characteristics. The personalities may even have different allergies and eyeglass prescriptions. They may also behave very differently from one another.
People with this disorder usually were severely abused in childhood. They typically suffered sever physical, sexual, and /or psychological abuse. Less by a trauma.
Sybil is a real life account of a woman with 16 personalities. “Sybil” was published in 1973; selling more than six million copies in the U.S. and hundreds of thousands abroad. A television adaptation broadcast in 1976 was seen by a fifth of all Americans. Sybil’s personalities were a result a coping mechanism to deal with the abuse she suffered at the hands of her mother, Hattie (Martine Bartlett), Sybil created separate personalities: aggressive Peggy Lou, suicidal Mary, baby Sybil Ann among others.
C. Dissociative Identity Disorder - (Multiple personality disorder) Involves the existence of two or more personalities within a single individual.

6. III. Types of Psych Disorders
2. Dissociative Disorder cont.
Shirley Mason
AKA
Sybil
Mac users, click on black circle to open browser and view a 2:46 minute Youtube video
Original link: mREUA
V Dissociative identity Disorder - The various personalities may or may not be aware of the others, and at least two of the personalities take turns controlling the individual’s behavior, and at least two of the personalities take turns controlling the individual’s behavior.
Each personality is likely to be different from the others in several ways, including in such observable traits as voice, facial expressions, and handedness as well as self-perceived age, gender, and physical characteristics. The personalities may even have different allergies and eyeglass prescriptions. They may also behave very differently from one another.
People with this disorder usually were severely abused in childhood. They typically suffered sever physical, sexual, and /or psychological abuse. Less by a trauma.
Sybil is a real life account of a woman with 16 personalities. “Sybil” was published in 1973; selling more than six million copies in the U.S. and hundreds of thousands abroad. A television adaptation broadcast in 1976 was seen by a fifth of all Americans. Sybil’s personalities were a result a coping mechanism to deal with the abuse she suffered at the hands of her mother, Hattie (Martine Bartlett), Sybil created separate personalities: aggressive Peggy Lou, suicidal Mary, baby Sybil Ann among others.
C. Dissociative Identity Disorder - (Multiple personality disorder) Involves the existence of two or more personalities within a single individual.

7. III. Types of Psych Disorders
2. Dissociative Disorder cont.
D. Depersonalization Disorder - feelings of detachment from one’s mental processes or body.
V D. People with this disorder describe feeling as though they are outside their bodies, observing themselves at a distance. People with this type of disorder say they feel distant and emotionally unconnected to themselves, as if they are watching a character in a boring movie. Other typical symptoms include problems with concentration and memory. The person may report feeling ‘spacey’ or out of control. Time may slow down. They may perceive their body to be a different shape or size than usual; in severe cases, they cannot recognize themselves in a mirror.
There may be a sensation of being an outside observer of one's metal processes, one's body, or parts of one's body.
V D. People with this disorder describe feeling as though they are outside their bodies, observing themselves at a distance.
In 1871, Dr. Livingstone, a Scottish medical missionary and an explorer n Africa was mauled by a lion. He saw his arm being ripped off but felt no pain or even fear. He felt like he was detached from it all, watching it all happen.
Similar feelings have been reported by soldiers in battle or sometimes even to women being raped. It’s a defense mechanism that takes place for a very short period of time. Depersonalization lasts much longer however.
“may feel like an automaton or as if he or she is living in a dream or a movie” DSMV - IV

8. III. Types of Psych Disorders Explanations-
2. Dissociative Disorder cont.
Explanations-
Psychodynamic -dissociation in order to repress unacceptable urges.
Learning theorist - learned not to think about disturbing events in order to avoid pain & is reinforced by reduced anxiety.
Biological - No genetic evidence
V Psychodynamic -In dissociative amnesia or fugue, forgets disturbing urges. In dissociative identify disorder, a person expresses undesirable urges by developing other personalities who can take responsibility for them. In depersonalization, the person goes outside the self, away from the turmoil within.
The disorder is rare, so much is not known, but here’s what is known.
a) Many people experiencing multiple personalities have experienced events that they would like to forget or avoid. Most have suffered severe, unavoidable, persistent abuse in childhood.
b) Most of them appear to be skilled at self-hypnosis, through which they can induce a trance-like state.
c) Most found they could escape the trauma of abuse temporarily by creating “new personalities” to deal with the stress.

9. III. Types of Psych Disorders Explanations-
2. Dissociative Disorder cont.
Explanations-
Psychodynamic -dissociation in order to repress unacceptable urges.
Learning theorist - learned not to think about disturbing events in order to avoid pain & is reinforced by reduced anxiety.
Biological - No genetic evidence
OPTIONAL:
An embedded link to a 12 minute NY Times Youtube on Dissociative Identify Disorder
Mac users, click on black circle to open browser and view a 12 minute NY Times Youtube on Dissociative Identify Disorder
Original link: PXE&feature=youtu.be
Dissociative Identity Disorder