1. Introduction to Linguistics
LI Nathalie F. Martin
Prendre le temps de me presenter

2. Outline of Today’s Class
Today’s objective:
What do linguists do?
What is linguistics?
Theoretical linguistics vs. applied linguistics
How can linguistics relate to you?

3. LINGUISTS
What do linguists do?

4. Linguists Don’t Necessarily Know Many Languages

5. Linguists do grammar differently

6. Linguists Study Language As It Is Spoken
What Didja Ya Say?
Linguists Study Language As It Is Spoken
Linguists

7. Spoken Language: Slang
Linguists have the tools to study slang!
Linguists

8. Linguists Study Communication

9. They also study Non-verbal communication
Linguists
They also study Non-verbal communication

10. Theoretical linguistics Applied Linguistics

11. Theoretical linguistics
Phonetics
Phonology
Morphology
Syntax
Semantics
Pragmatics
(Language Sounds)
(Language Sounds Interaction)
(Word parts)
(Arrangement of Words in a Sentence)
(Word & sentence Meanings)
(Language in Use)

12. Phonetics (Language Sounds): Accents

13. Phonetics (Language Sounds): Pronounciation

14. Phonology: Analysis of sounds within a language

15. Morphology (Word Parts):

16. Syntax: Putting Speech Together
Arrangement of words in sentences
(spoken language or written language)

17. Semantics (Word Meanings): Many words have more than one meaning

18. Pragmatics (Language in use)

19. Pragmatics (Language in use)

20. Theoretical Linguistics:
Applied Linguistics
Theoretical Linguistics:
Phonetic
Phonology
Morphology
Syntax
Lexicology
Semantic
Socio
linguistic
Dialectology
Ethno
Language policies and planning
Psycho
Neuro
On peut voir comment les domaines de la linguistique externe pourraient se relier à d’autres matières (neurologie, droit, anthropologie, sociologie, psychologie).
Linguists are largely concerned with finding and describing the generalities and varieties both within particular languages and among all language. Applied linguistics takes the result of those findings and "applies" them to other areas. The term "applied linguistics" is often used to refer to the use of linguistic research in language teaching only[citation needed], but results of linguistic research are used in many other areas as well, such as lexicography and translation. "Applied linguistics" has been argued to be something of a misnomer[who?], since applied linguists focus on making sense of and engineering solutions for real-world linguistic problems, not simply "applying" existing technical knowledge from linguistics; moreover, they commonly apply technical knowledge from multiple sources, such as sociology (e.g. conversation analysis) and anthropology.
Etc.

21. Lexicographer: dictionaries Foreign language teacher
“What s‘it to me?”
Branches and fields of linguistics:
Language acquisition
Psycholingusitics
Sociolinguistics
Differences between social classes, gender, age
Language preservation
Teaching
Translation
Lexicographer: dictionaries
Foreign language teacher
Translator
Missionary
Speech therapist
Actor
Branches and fields
Anthropological linguistics, Semiotics, Philology, Discourse, Structuralism, Post-structuralism, Cognitive linguistics, Cognitive science, Comparative linguistics, Sociolinguistics, Varieties, Developmental linguistics, Discourse Analysis, Descriptive linguistics, Ecolinguistics, Embodied cognition, Endangered languages.
History of linguistics, Historical linguistics, Intercultural competence, Lexicography/Lexicology, Linguistic typology, Evolutionary linguistics.
Articulatory phonology, Biolinguistics, Computational linguistics, Biosemiotics, Articulatory synthesis, Machine translation, Natural language processing, Speaker recognition (authentication), Speech processing, Speech recognition, Speech synthesis, Concept Mining, Corpus linguistics, Critical discourse analysis, Cryptanalysis, Decipherment, Asemic writing, Grammar Writing.
Forensic linguistics, Global language system, Glottometrics, Integrational linguistics, International Linguistic Olympiad, Language acquisition, Language attrition, Language engineering, Language geography, Metacommunicative competence, Microlinguistics, Natural Language Processing, Neurolinguistics, Orthography, Reading, Second language acquisition, Sociocultural linguistics, Stratificational linguistics, Text linguistics, Writing systems, Xenolinguistics.

22. When asked the meaning of « sinner » many of them replied:
Language Acquisition
They applied the rule that is used for adjectives like « big » that becomes « bigger », « fat », that becomes « fatter ». They did not yet realize that « sin » is a noun and they did not understand the meaning of the word.
Once in Church, we asked the children in Sunday School to explain the meaning of complicated « christianees » words.
When asked the meaning of « sinner » many of them replied:
« More Sin »

23. Neurolinguistics: Language Anomalies

24. Sociolinguistics: Language differences between Social Classes:

25. Language Difference Between Different Generations

26. Language Difference Between Genders

27. Written or Spoken Language?
Linguistics can study:
Texting and it’s effects on written language

28. Preservation of Native Languages

29. Translation
Linguists like the ones working for SIL or Wycliff need a good grasp of Linguistic Theory and Practice.

30. Difficulties in translation

31. Doubtful Translations

32. Sign Languages Vidéo : 7 minutes

33. Some words of caution concerning missionary work: