1. Latin American Dictators and current issues
Lesson #6

2. So… Latin American in the early 1900s…

3. In the 1800s and 1900s…
In the newly independent Latin American nations:
Were still ruled by the creoles
who lived VERY well

4. In the 1880s and 1900s…
In the newly independent Latin American nations
Were still ruled by the creoles
But most people were dirt poor

5. In the 1880s and 1900s…
In the newly independent Latin American nations
Were still ruled by the creoles
Most people were dirt poor
And sometimes…
The rich and the poor
lived side by side…

6. What happened?
Some got desperate…

7. What happened?
Some got desperate… And chose any leader who said they would help…

8. Reason for dictatorships
Dictators were popular because they promised power and money for the lowest classes
Once in power, they usually ignored most of those promises
Eventually, they would be overthrown for a new dictator, promising reform

9. Reason for dictatorships
Spanish had structured colonies with clear hierarchy
Once the Spanish control was gone, the highest ranks expected all power and money
The lower “ranks” wanted some power and money
The struggle continues today

10. … and now… your job… On your cell phone…
google each of these guys, and…
Name the nation
Give the years of dictatorship
Tell about something they did, either positive or negative

11. Augusto Pinochet

12. Fidel Castro

13. Hugo Chavez

14. José Daniel Ortega

15. Manuel Antonio Noriega
Also, tell why he’s in jail

16. Juan Peron

17. Eva Peron

18. For each slide: Name the nation Give the years of dictatorship
Tell about something they did, either positive or negative

19. Answers…

20. Augusto Pinochet
Dictator of Chile Killed thousands Tortured tens of thousands 300 criminal charges (at time of death in 2006) human rights violations tax evasion embezzlement corruptly amassed a wealth of $28 million

21. Fidel Castro Cuba 1959-2011 Human Rights abuses state control of press
suppression of internal dissent

22. Hugo Chavez Venezuela 1999-2013 Amassed wealth
Gave family members jobs
VERY anti-American

23. José Daniel Ortega
Nicaragua present Land reform Literacy program

24. Manuel Antonio Noriega
Panama
Found guilty of
drug trafficking
Racketeering
Money laundering
(in April 1992)
US jail until 2007, then France, now Panama

25. Juan Peron Argentina 1944-1954 Programs for the poor
Also – human rights violations

26. America’s greatest structure:

27. Why build the Panama Canal?
Draw arrows where canals are needed

28. Reason to build the canal

29. How they built the canal

30. PANAMA CANAL

31. Commercial break

32. Expansion project

33. Current Issues in Latin America
Drugs
Illegal Immigration
Current Trade issues

34. Drug Products Mainly three drugs Cocaine from Columbia, Peru, Bolivia
Coca is ONLY found in Andes
Marijuana from Jamaica
Heroin from Columbia (from opium poppies)

35. I. Drug Trade from Latin America
Plants used to produce drugs
Poppy Plant
Coca Plant
For Opium
For Cocaine

36. Results of Drug Trade Effects of Cocaine
$51 billion cost to government / year
1.5 million arrests / year
2 million currently in jail for drug crimes
(1/100 of population – most in world)
Effects of Heroin
(an opiate)

37. Drug Smuggling 90% of all US cocaine enters via Mexico
was via the Caribbean into Florida
United States imports 75 % of their exports
The major drug trafficking organizations
(drug cartels) are Mexican and Colombian
generate $20 to $40 billion
“Mules” are used to carry drugs
click
Bricks of Cocaine

38. Where it drugs come from

39. … and where they go…

41. How drugs get here
click

42. The Old Way:

43. The new way: narco-submarine
click

44. The narco-sub, not submerged…

45. To stop drug importation:

48. Increase in last couple years

50. II. ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION
Smuggling
Trafficking
click

51. Definitions false pretenses pays for assistance
Trafficking – a person is trafficked if
she/he agrees under
to relocate for employment reasons
and is forced into involuntary forms of
Labor
Smuggling – a person is smuggled if
she/he seeks and
to cross borders without documents,
but is allegedly free once arriving in
the new country
false pretenses
pays for assistance

52. Definitions false pretenses Trafficking – a person is trafficked if
she/he agrees under
to relocate for employment reasons
and is forced into involuntary forms of
Labor
false pretenses

53. Definitions pays for assistance Smuggling – a person is smuggled if
she/he seeks and
to cross borders without documents,
but is allegedly free once arriving in
the new country
pays for assistance

54. Why do people sneak into the US?
The main reason people CHOOSE to break the law and illegally immigrate is for
and for jobs that Mexico does not have.
higher wages

55. Smuggling
Smuggling means someone helps the illegal into the US.
That person is called
Coyotes charge from $300 to $50,000 per person.
Often, the price is so high, the illegal will spend years of FORCED LABOR paying off debt.
Sometimes… forever…
coyotes

56. Common Sites of Forced Labor
Agriculture and food processing
Construction
Domestic Workers
Restaurants
Assembly plants
Garment and textile workers
Sex industry

57. Estimates of Force Labor
Exact figures are difficult to calculate because
trafficking is illegal and hidden
women, men and children are victims of forced labor yearly
1.4 million are in commercial sex work
760,000 are economically exploited
600,000 are in mixed commercially and sexually exploited
2.4 million

58. Human Trafficking 4 million 7-10 billion
Human Trafficking – Modern slavery
Over persons trafficked a year – U.N. estimate
dollar a year illegal industry
Third largest illegal industry in the world (drugs and arms sales)
4 million
7-10 billion

59. What are we doing about it?
The Justice Department created a unit to pursue human trafficking cases
The FBI currently has 212 ongoing human trafficking investigations
The Justice Department has initiated 60 investigations in the past four months.
Last year, federal prosecutors charged 222 defendants and won 98 convictions.

60. What does this show about the relationship we have with Mexico?

62. 3. Current Trade

63. Pablo Escobar
click