1. Structure and manufacturing Properties of Metals
Chapter 3
Structure and manufacturing Properties of Metals
Crystal structure of metals
Role of various imperfections
Importance of grain
Failure and fracture of metals
Ferrous and non-ferrous metals, alloys

2. Covalent Bond Some Common Features of Materials with Covalent Bonds:
Hard
Good insulators
Transparent
Brittle or cleave rather than deform

3. Metallic bond Some Common Features of Materials with Metallic Bonds:
Good electrical and thermal conductors due to their free valence electrons
Opaque
Relatively ductile

4. Ionic Bond Some Common Features of Materials with Ionic Bonds: Hard
Good insulators
Transparent
Brittle or cleave rather than deform

6. Body-Centered Cubic (BCC) Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC) Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HPC) Structure

7. the atoms in rows A and C are no longer aligned
cubic lattice structures allow slippage to occur more easily than non-cubic lattices, so hcp metals are not as ductile as the fcc metals.

8. Defect Interstitial impurity atom Edge dislocation
Self interstitial atom
Vacancy
Precipitate of impurity atoms
Vacancy type dislocation loop
Interstitial type dislocation loop
Substitutional impurity atom

9. Simple Cubic Lattice showing atomic planes (marked in red)
a dislocation is a crystallographic defect, or irregularity, within a crystal structure
Simple Cubic Lattice showing atomic planes (marked in red)
Edge dislocation
Screw dislocation
Burgers vector in black, dislocation line in blue.

10. Edge Dislocation
Screw Dislocation

11. Grain a) Nucleation of crystals b) crystal growth
c) irregular grains form as crystals grow together
d) grain boundaries as seen in a microscope

12. Polycrystalline Deformation
Atoms along the boundary
packed less efficiently
Grain Boundary
more disordered
Polycrystalline Deformation
before
after