1. Launching the New Nation
George Washington becomes the
first president. President Thomas
Jefferson doubles U.S. territory
with the Louisiana Purchase. The
U.S. fights the British in the War
of 1812.
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2. Washington Heads the New Government 6.1
President Washington transforms the ideas of the Constitution into a real government.
-Unanimous choice in first presidential ballot
-strong national leader
-hero of the American Revolution
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3. I. The New Government Takes Shape 1
SECTION
I. The New Government Takes Shape
A. Judiciary Act of 1789
• creates Supreme, circuit, district courts
• State court decisions may be appealed to federal courts—federal laws “supreme Law of the Land”
B. Washington Shapes the Executive Branch
• elected first president of U.S. in 1789
- executive branch is president, vice president—John Adams
• Congress creates State, War, Treasury Depts
• Alexander Hamilton becomes secretary of treasury
• Thomas Jefferson becomes secretary of state
• Department heads are Cabinet
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4. II. Hamilton and Jefferson Debate1
SECTION
II. Hamilton and Jefferson Debate
A. Hamilton and Jefferson in Conflict
Hamilton: strong central govt led by wealthy, educated, “elite/upper class”, Northern support
Jefferson: strong state, local govt; people’s participation, “common man”, farmers
B. Hamilton’s Economic Plan
Plan—pay foreign debt, issue new bonds, assume states’ debt
Some Southern states have paid debts, against taxes to pay for North
Continued . . .
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5. C. Plan for a National Bank 1
SECTION
C. Plan for a National Bank
• Hamilton proposes Bank of the United States:
- funded by govt, private investors
- issue paper money, handle taxes
• Disagreement over Congressional authority to establish bank
• Debate begins over strict (Jefferson) and
loose (Hamilton) interpretation (construction)
of Constitution
D. The District of Columbia
• To win Southern support for his debt plan, Hamilton suggests:
- moving nation’s capital from NYC to South
• Washington, D.C. planned on grand scale
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6. III. The First Political Parties and Rebellion 1
SECTION
III. The First Political Parties and Rebellion
A. Federalists and Democratic-Republicans
• Split in Washington’s cabinet leads to first U.S. political parties:
- Jefferson’s allies: Dem-Rep
- Hamilton’s allies: Federalists
• Two-party system established
as two major parties compete for
power
-Washington warned against this
in his Farewell Address
-saw as a danger to national
unity
Continued . . .
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7. A tax collector is tarred and feathered 1
SECTION
B. The Whiskey Rebellion
• Protective tariff — import tax on goods produced overseas
• Excise tax charged on product’s manufacture, sale, or distribution
• In 1794, Pennsylvania farmers refuse to pay excise tax on whiskey
- beat up federal marshals, threaten secession
• Federal govt shows it can enforce laws by sending in militia
-militiamen called up
-scattered rebels without loss of a single life
-event was a milestone in consolidation of federal
power
A tax collector is tarred and feathered
during the Whiskey Rebellion
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