1. Neuropeptide S and Reward

2. Is something rewarding?
Will they self administer?
Most self admin for cocaine
If you shut down the reward system, do they stop self admin?

3. Wistar Rats All NPS injections into ventricle Hits WHOLE brain
Angiotensin to confirm

4. N P S
Vehicle
N P S
Vehicle
Day

5. Animals will self administer NPS
Suggests NPS is rewarding
Self Administration
NPS

6. Dopamine (DA) and Reward
NPSR mRNA expressed in VTA – NOT in NAcc
Xu 2007
VTA
NAcc DA D1
GABA
= NPSR mRNA found here

7. Dopamine antagonism reduces NPS self administration
Reward system
(DA)
Self Administration
NPS

8. NPS & Hypocretin ICV NPS → ↑Orx neuron activity (cfos)
Cannella 2013
NPSR mRNA in hypothalamus containing Orx neurons
Xu 2007

9. Hypocretin and Reward
VTA
NAcc D1
GABA LH
= NPSR mRNA found here

10. Orexin antagonism reduces NPS self administration

11. Conditioned Place Preference
(CPP)

12. The CPP thing
N P S

13. Cannella 2013

14. Locomotion

15. Cue assisted lever pressing
A light was used in conjunction with the lever
Works better
Responding to light or NPS
Also..
NPS increases locomotion
More lever pressing?

16. I SAID ONION PIZZA DAMNIT!!!
(Thanks Justin)