1. Skeletal Muscle: Names, Location, and Function

2. Muscle Action and Function Review
With your arm show me elbow extension
With your arm show me shoulder abduction
What does the prefix “ab” mean? What is another word that starts with this prefix?
With your arm show me elbow flexion
With your arm show me shoulder adduction
What does the prefix “ad” mean? What is another word that starts with this prefix?
What are the four functions of the muscular system?

3. Objectives
Content Objective: The students will be able to arrange the fourteen skeletal muscles on the diagram of a human body using information from muscle descriptions located around the room.
Language Objective: The students will be able to select the important information from muscle description stations by arranging the key information in a table on a worksheet.

4. Tendons and Ligaments

5. Tendons and ligaments
Ligaments
Tendons
A fibrous connective tissue that attaches bone to bone
Serves to hold structures together and keep them stable – particularly at the joint
Slightly elastic so they can be stretched and gradually lengthen, increasing flexibility
Double jointed refers to people who have highly elastic ligaments
A fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone.
Tough yet flexible
Tendons purpose is to move the bone

6. What ligaments have you heard of?

7. What Tendons Have you heard of?

8. Origin vs. Insertion Muscle attachment to a moveable bone.
Does not change its shape when the muscle moves
Has the greatest motion when the muscle contracts
Typically lower on the bone
Immovable point of attachment of a muscle to a bone.
Does not change its shape when the muscle moves
A muscle contracts toward it
Typically higher on the bone

9. Antagonist Muscles What does the word antagonist mean?
What does it mean to antagonize your little brother or sister?
Definition: Works against, in opposition to.
Antagonist Muscles – A muscle that works in opposition to another muscle.
Muscle Examples:
Biceps and Triceps
Quadriceps and Hamstrings
Gastrocnemius and Anterior Tibialis

10. Muscle Name, Location, and Function Stations
You can complete this activity with a partner or you may work on it alone. NO MORE THAN TWO PEOPLE WORKING TOGETHER!
Whether you choose to work with a partner or not you will each complete your own worksheet.
There are 14 muscles pictured and described on papers around the room.
Read the paper and identify on your worksheet
1. The name of the muscle
2. The location of the muscle
3. The function of the muscle

11. Completed Muscle Worksheet 1
This worksheet is worth 28 points.
14 points for having the correct information on the front
14 points for having all muscles drawn and labeled. This includes having pairs of muscles drawn!
The discussion questions are worth 10 points. (later date)

12. Muscles Skeleton – In Notes Packet
Deltoid
Location: Shoulder/Upper Most Arm
Function: Lifts the whole arm
Origin: Clavicle and Scapula
Insertion: Humerus

13. Trapezius
13. Trapezius
Location: Base of neck, down the spine, across the back of the shoulder
Function: Raises the shoulder
Origin: Occipital bone (cranium) and cervical/thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: Clavicle/Scapula

14. Biceps 2. Biceps Location: Front of upper arm
Function: Bends elbows, lifts lower arm
Origin: Scapula
Insertion: Radius and Ulna

15. Triceps 3. Triceps Location: Back of the upper arm
Function: Straightens the elbow
Origin: Humerus and Scapula
Insertion: Ulna

16. Pectoralis Major 4.) Pectoralis Major Location: Chest Muscle
Function: Moves the shoulder and arm towards the chest
Pushes
Origin: Sternum and Second through Sixth Rib
Insertion: Clavicle and the Humerus

17. Latissimus Dorsi 12. Latissimus Dorsi
Location: Down spine, across the back armpit
Function: Pulls arm toward back
Origin: Thoracic/Lumbar Vertebrae, Sacrum, Pelvis, and four most inferior ribs
Insertion: Back of Humerus

18. Gluteus Maximus 5. Gluteus Maximus Location: Buttocks
Function: Straightens the leg at the hip
Origin: Pelvis, Sacrum and Coccyx
Insertion: Femur

19. Abdominals 6. Abodominals Location: Stomach area
Function: Flexes the trunk (sit- up)
Origin: Thoracic Diaphragm
Insertion: Pelvis and between the lumbar vertebrae and sacrum

20. Hamstrings 7. Hamstrings Location: Back of thigh
Function: Bends the knee and strengthens leg at hip
Origin: Underneath the gluteus maximus and the pelvic bone
Insertion: Tibia

21. Quadriceps 8. Quadriceps Location: Front of thigh
Function: Straightens the knee, raises the leg at the hip
Origin: Femur/pelvis
Insertion: Patella

22. Sartorius
Sartorius
Location: Outer thigh at hip, across the thigh to the inside of the lower leg at the top of the knee
Function: Rotates the thigh
Origin: Pelvis
Insertion: Inside of the tibia
**Longest muscle

23. Gastrocnemius 9. Gastrocnemius
Location: Calf muscle, Back of lower leg
Function: Raises you up on your toes
Origin: Femur
Insertion: Achilles tendon to the heel

24. Anterior Tibialis 10. Anterior Tibilias
Location: Front of the lower leg
Function: Pulls foot up towards lower leg
Origin: Tibia
Insertion: Foot

25. Sternocleidomastoid (pain in my neck)
Location: Neck
Function: Turns the head side to side
Origin: Inside part of the clavicle
Insertion: Temporal bone (cranium)

26. anterior
view

27. posterior
view

28. Muscle Name, Location, and Function Stations Cont.: (assignment 2)
You will want a partner with you on this one. Obtain ipad or internet connection with other electronic device. Go to hover classes, applied sp med, click anatomy, click assignment 2. before printing a final version or getting a printed version from desk, be sure you have correct answers supplied.

29. Discussion Questions…(assignment 3)
Discuss the following questions with your partner or think about them on your own…
1. How is the function (movement) of the muscle effected by the joint (Discuss the movement available at the joints?
Example: The biceps and triceps can only bend and extend the arm because they contract and relax to move the ulna located at a hinge joint which only allows for two movements.
2. Come up with 2 every day activities that you do that use the muscles you learned about in this lesson. Identify what muscle(s) are being used for each activity.
Carry groceries into the house requires the use of the deltoid muscles.
3. In your opinion, of the every day movements you came up with, which muscle is functionally the most important in order to carry out daily activities. Use information from what you read about the muscles to support your answer.
4. . Come up with an exercise you can do to strengthen that muscle (think of our warm-up in Physical Education)
When you finish your assignments 1 & 2, you will be answering these questions on a lined piece of paper and submitting as a group