1. We will identify the civilization characteristics of Ancient Egypt.

2. 10 9 Social Structure Pyramid Ancient Egypt Topic: Early Civilizations
EQ: What were the accomplishments of Ancient Egypt? 9 10
Social Structure Pyramid
Ancient Egypt “gift of the Nile” 3000 BC – 500 BC
Farming in desert region
Nile flooding = fertile soil
Made communication easy
Offered protection from invaders
Developed irrigation = large amounts of food
Government and Society
Pharaoh (God-King) = most powerful person in Egypt
Absolute ruler
Owned all the land, army, and made laws
Defended Egypt against invaders
Monarchy = a system of government where power is inherited. Also Theocracy = religious laws
Religion
Polytheistic = believing in many gods
Mummification – preserve body after death for afterlife
Pyramids = built as tombs for Pharaohs
Surrounded by gold, jewels, and other precious objects
Achievements Sumerians
Hieroglyphics = writing system, pictures & symbols. Appeared on temples, pyramids, and scrolls of paper (papyrus)
Architecture = pyramids , palaces, temples of stone columns
Developed geometry to build pyramids
Developed a calendar based on 365 days
Performed surgical operations
Ancient Egypt
Record Keeping
Complex Institutions
Government, Religion, Economics
Specialized Workers
Cities
Advanced Technology

3. 4 Early River Civilizations
16ABC

4. Ancient Egypt 3,000 to 500 B.C.
The Egyptian civilization began in north Africa along the Nile River Valley.
The location of the Nile River provided a long growing season, rich soil, and fresh water to grow ample amounts of food.
The steady supply of water in the Nile River was the reason why a civilization formed along its banks.

5. Ancient Egypt (3000 BC – 500 BC) Egypt = “gift of the Nile” Nile
Farming in a desert region!
Nile
Flooding = fertile soil
made communication easy
protection
Grew large amounts of food
1A 2A 16AB

6. 16ABC

7. 16ABC

11. Government and Society
Pharaoh (god- king) = most powerful person in Egypt
Absolute ruler
Owned all the land, army
Made laws
Defend Egypt against invaders
2AB 19A

12. Government and Society
Monarchy = a system of government where power is inherited, usually passed on to the son
Theocracy
2AB 19A

13. Egyptian Society Pharaoh Slaves Priests Artisans/Merchants
Royal Advisor
Priests
Artisans/Merchants
Peasants/Ordinary Citizens
Slaves
2AB

15. EGYPTIAN PHARAOHS
KING TUT
RAMSES II
CLEOPATRIA VII

16. Religion Polytheistic
Mummification = preserve the body after death for afterlife
pyramids =built as tombs for pharaohs
Surrounded by gold, jewels, other precious objects
2A 27A

18. Mummy
Inner coffin

19. Second inner coffin lid

20. Achievements Hieroglyphics Writing system; picture symbols
Appeared on temples, pyramids, and scrolls of paper (papyrus)
2AB 27A

21. Achievements Pyramids, palaces, temples of stone columns
Developed geometry to build pyramids
Observed stars
Developed calendar based on 365 days
Medicine
Performed surgical operations
2A 27A

25. Egyptian Reflection
Why do you think the Mesopotamian and ancient Egyptian religions were polytheistic?
Think logically
Support your reasons
2A 27A

26. Make generalizations about the image below.
(WRITE THEM DOWN!!!)

27. What is an Empire?
What do you think an empire is and how would you describe one?
Why are empires important?
Which empires exist today?
Do you consider the U.S. to be an empire? Why or why not?

28. WRITING
Write a statement that summarizes why the development of writing is important.
How do historians use ancient writings or records to study different civilizations?