1. Increased Independence from Britain
Social Studies 11: The Interwar Years

2. After World War I: Borden insists that Canada:
_________________ at the Paris Peace Conference
__________ the Treaty of Versailles
Have its ___________ in the League of Nations
Previous assumption would have been that Britain would have represented Canada’s interests in these situations as Britain still controlled Canada’s foreign policy and these were international matters.
These actions send the message that Canada is interested in managing its own international affairs.

3. In The 1920s: Chanak Crisis (1922):
Britain feared ____________ troops would try to take the British controlled port of Chanak
Britain wanted Canada to send _________________ to help
P.M. ________ said the Canadian parliament would decide
1st time Canada refused _____________________ for Britain
After WWI, the Allies had forced Turkey to sign the Treaty of Sèvres (1920), which had very unfavourable terms.
British and French troops were then stationed in the region.
Chanak was a vital port along the important trade route between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean; it would also give Turkey easy access to Europe should they decide to attack
The Chanak Crisis was resolved by the time the Canadian parliament finished its debate

4. In The 1920s: Halibut Treaty (1923):
Negotiated between Canada & ___________ to protect halibut on the Pacific Coast
Never came into effect because ____________ didn’t approve it
1st time an international agreement had not been _________________ by a British official
Signed by only a Canadian and American official
Britain protested this move, but King threatened to establish its own ambassador in the USA and make Canada fully independent of Britain’s influence if Britain didn’t back down.

5. In The 1920s: King-Byng Crisis (1926):
After the 1925 election, King’s Liberals stayed in power by forming a ______________ with the Progressives
When they lost the support of the Progressives after a scandal, the Conservatives called for a motion of _________________________
King asked Governor General Byng to call an election; Byng ______________
Conservatives had won 116 seats (a minority government), but the coalition got control with Liberals 101 seats and Progressives 25 seats (126 total gave them a majority)
The scandal involved liquor smuggling and the Canadian Customs Department
A motion of censure would have forced King to resign
Byng felt the motion of censure had to be dealt with first

6. In The 1920s: King-Byng Crisis (1926):
______________ was eventually forced to call an election
King’s campaign declared it was _____________________ for an official appointed by Britain to go against the advice of an elected P.M.
He won the election & no governor general has acted against the ________ of the P.M. since
King’s campaign appealed to nationalists who felt that those who Canadians elected should have the most power in Canadian affairs

7. In The 1920s: Imperial Conference (1926):
Britain’s dominions (Canada, Australia, New Zealand & South Africa) asked for _____________
A special committee, lead by Lord _____________, investigated the request
The Balfour Report acknowledged the dominions as ________________ governments within the British Empire
Images: All the prime ministers of the commonwealth who attended the conference and Lord Balfour, who wrote the important report that helped Canada gain independence
Autonomy: freedom to govern themselves

8. In The 1930s: Statute of Westminster (1931):
The recommendations of the Balfour Report officially became ________________
It declared that the dominions could _____________________
Canada became a sovereign state & part of the British ____________ of Nations
Commonwealth: an association of free and equal states that were once part of the British Empire