1. The Presentation of Scientific Data: Results, Tables and Graphs

2. Data Individual facts, statistics, or items of information.
Generated from experiment, observation or research.
How do we convey (Experimental Data) to others?
Results Section of lab reports (Written).
Data Table (Visual/Organizer).
Graphs (Visual).

3. Written Results
A paragraph that summarizes all quantitative and qualitative data from an experiment or study.
No judgment made about the data.

4. Data Tables
A Data Table is a mode of visual communication and means of arranging data (organization).
Age Table:
First Name
Last Name
Age (yrs)
Bill
Davolio 33
Nancy
Klondike 43
Sarah
Obesanjo 23
Justin
Saunders 37
Mike
Timberlake 26
Paulo
Ilustre 11
Variable “B” or “Y”
Variable “A” or “X”
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable

5. Graphs
A diagram (visual) showing the relationship between sets of numbers, or topics, that represents how one set depends or changes with another.
Different graphs can show different things.
Examples…...

6. Bar Graph
Used to show relationships between variables that may be “fixed” in time or space.
A “snap shot”.
Bars can help to give a sense of quantity.

7. Line Graph Used to show relationships, such as rates.
Changes over time or given variable.

8. Scatter Plot Points “plotted” between to axis (the variables).
Add trendlines to see correlations in the data.
Trendlines or lines of best fit. Part of linear regressions for statistical analysis.

9. Pie Chart (Circle Graph)
A circular chart that illustrates relative magnitudes or frequencies (Example Percentages)
Pie chart of populations of English native speakers

10. How do you draw a graph?
Important skill, to draw it means you can read a graph.
Remember, it’s a visual expression, or picture, of data.

11. 1st - A graph – Basic Terms
Number Line “Y”
“Y” Axis
Plot/Data Area
Number Line “X”
“X” Axis

12. How to make a Graph Determine your variables.
Rule of thumb: Independent Variable is “X” axis, and Dependent Variable is “Y” axis.
Sample Data
Independent Variable = X Axis
Dependent Variable A = Y Axis
Dependent Variable B = Y Axis

13. How to make a Graph Calculate your number line (Range).
Independent Variable
Largest X Value = 1999 (End Date)
Smallest X Value = 1982 (Begin Date)
Number of Units =
Dependent Variable B
Largest Y Value = 2400 (Highest Pop.)
Smallest Y Value = 500 (Lowest Pop.)
Number of Units = 1900
Dependent Variable A
Largest Y Value = 25 (Highest Pop.)
Smallest Y Value = 11 (Lowest Pop.)
Number of Units = 14

14. How to make a Graph Plot your number line(s). [Independent V.]
Determine the space for your number line.
Divide the number line increment, by the space.
Just round up….
Plot data.
= 12
= 17/12 or
So.. Each box is 1.5 years 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1982
1985

15. So…

16. How to make a Graph Plot your number line(s). [Dependent V.s]
Do the same thing for the Y variables…..
“A” = 14/12 = = 1.5 / box
“B” = 1900/12 = = /box

17. How to make a Graph
Plot Your Data.
Connect Lines

18. How to make a Graph Label your axis (Labels AND Units!)
Wolf Population
(#)
Moose
Population
(#)
Year

19. How to make a Graph Add Title.
Population Trends of Moose and Wolves on Isabella Is.

20. How to make a Graph
Add Caption.

21. How to make a Graph Add Legend (and other features as needed).
We’re Done!

22. Remember….. Use space appropriately…it’s a picture.
Your graph should tell a story, so use appropriate data ranges and axis scales.
Titles, Labels, UNITS and Legends!

23. Lets Practice!