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Rome: Location and Geography

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Presentation on theme: "Rome: Location and Geography"— Presentation transcript:

1 Rome: Location and Geography

2 Rise of the Republic Republic a government in which elected officials have power granted by voting citizens Senate

3 Julius Caesar Triumvirate
Along with 2 others, Caesar had control of Senate The other members of the Senate feared he was getting too powerful, so they killed him. Started Civil War

4 Octavian Ended the Civil War and took over the government
Became the First Emperor of Rome Took the name Augustus Caesar

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6 Roman Empire Autocratic government led by one leader who rules a number of peoples or countries Caesar = Emperor Pax Romana Period of Roman Peace that lasts for 200 years Vast trade networks (Roman Roads) Lots of cultural diffusion!

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8 Roman Religion Polytheistic
Borrowed Greek Religion and changed the names of the gods and goddesses

9 Christianity Messiah Jesus of Nazareth
Jewish belief that God would send someone to Earth to lead them to Heaven. Jesus of Nazareth Lived in the Middle East (part of Roman Empire) Thought by some to be the messiah Made enemies of Jewish and Roman leadership because he was so popular with the common people.

10 Christianity Appeal: personal relationship w/ God promise of Heaven
embrace all people personal relationship w/ God promise of Heaven Christianity spread through empire easily b/c of Pax Romana Paul Early apostle and missionary for the Christian religion. Christians not liked by Romans b/c refused to worship Roman gods

11 Spread of Christianity
Late 300 CE, lots of Christians in Roman Empire Persecution Hurting someone because of his/her beliefs 312 CE, Roman Emperor Constantine ends persecution of Christians b/c of vision 380 CE made official religion of Rome

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13 Roman Life Most lived in countryside Slaves important
First major empire to be economically dependent on slavery POWs and debtors Big difference between rich & poor

14 Entertainment Coliseum Arena w/ free entertainment Gladiators

15 Arts and Literature Romans adopted sculpture from Greeks
Mosaics and frescos

16 Roman Influences “Western Culture” Latin
Greco-Roman culture that spread Europe America Latin Official language of Roman Empire. Basis of Romance Languages and half of English words

17 Roman Influences Architectural structures- arch, dome, aqueducts
Roman laws that we use today: innocent until proven guilty equal treatment under law

18 Decline of the Roman Empire
Empire becomes weakened over time Factors:

19 Split Western Roman Empire Eastern Roman Empire Capital at Rome
To try to save the empire, it was split in the 3rd century to make it easier to rule Western Roman Empire Capital at Rome Eastern Roman Empire Capital at Constantinople Became known as Byzantine Empire later

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22 Fall of Western Empire Huns
One of the many nomadic tribes that led multiple raids into the W. Roman Empire Led by Attila the Hun Rome surrendered to the attacks in the 5th century

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