1. Congestive heart failure
CNAs play a critical role
Fall prevention

2. Anatomy of the heart A hollow organ made of muscle
Four separate chambers
While the heart is at rest, each chamber fills with blood
When the heart beats, the chambers contract to pump blood through the body
Heart failure occurs when the heart:
Cannot pump enough blood to the body
Is not resting properly
February Heart failure

3. Signs and symptoms High blood pressure Increased pulse
Light-headedness or dizziness
Shortness of breath
Coughing or wheezing
Swelling, especially in legs or ankles
February Heart failure

4. Potential treatments for heart failure
Heart surgery
Medicines
Diuretics to reduce fluid buildup
ACE-inhibitors to increase blood flow
Medicines to lower blood pressure
Lifestyle changes
Reducing sodium intake
Reducing fluids intake
February Heart failure

5. Monitoring residents with heart failure
You may be asked to:
Weigh residents at the same time each morning
Record fluid intake and urine output
Check residents for increased coughing, wheezing, or shortness of breath
February Heart failure

6. Warning signs to report immediately
Weight gain of more than 3 pounds in one day or 5 pounds in a week
Worsening shortness of breath, especially at rest
Waking at night gasping for air or short of breath
Increased swelling in ankles or legs
Changes in blood pressure
February Heart failure

7. Lifestyle changes A nurse may ask you to assist residents by:
Helping to limit their salt intake
Offering only small amount of fluids to drink
Propping up the legs to reduce swelling
Propping the head up to improve breathing
February Heart failure