1. With Analog and Digital Hybrid Controller – FCM8531
Simplifying BLDC Motor Control Design
With Analog and Digital Hybrid Controller – FCM8531
Wen Chien, BLDC PL

2. New Solution for Your Motor designs.
The New Motor Type (PMSM/BLDC motor) Brings New Challenges.
The Hybrid (Analog and Digital Integrated) Controller Provides a New Architecture for Motor Designs
Introducing to FCM8531, Hybrid Motor Controller

3. Benefits of Using BLDC Motor
AC Motor
BLDC Motor
Efficiency
35%
90%
Noise
Hum
Complete Silence
Size/Weight
AC Motor is bigger in size and 33%~50% heavier than BLDC Motor
Rotation Speed
Limited to the AC frenquency (50/60HZ) Unadjustable
Linear Control / Auto adjustment by working load
Tempurature Rise
950C
400C~45OC due to higher efficiency
Application Range
Single Purpose
Multiple Purpose
Life Span
Short
Long

4. Moving from AC Motor to BLDC Motor
The world wide MHA shipments increases 32% from 2010~2015, and the adoption rate of BLDC/PMSM motor will also double.
2010
2011
2012
2013(F)
2014(F)
2015(F)
Worldwide Shipments (kU)
Washing Machine
76,639
81,901
86,830
90,828
94,363
97,669
Fridges
111,165
118,240
125,744
132,952
139,409
144,694
Air Conditioner
73,775
79,172
85,270
91,084
96,659
101,892
Total MHA Shipment
261,579
279,313
297,844
314,864
330,431
344,255
Annual Growth
6.8%
6.6%
5.7%
4.9%
4.2%
% with BLDC/PMSM motor
17.2%
19.0%
21.5%
24.1%
27.2%
30.4%
7.7%
8.8%
10.2%
11.6%
13.5%
15.8%
33.8%
40.9%
47.9%
55.0%
62.2%
68.9%
Average Adoption %
17.8%
20.9%
24.3%
27.8%
31.7%
35.6%

5. New Challenges for Using BLDC Motors
More complex electronics control required to manage the new motor type, and quite often digital control chips, like DSPs, are used.

6. New Challenges for Using BLDC Motors
For traditional motor industry
Engineers are mostly of machinery majors
Lack of experience and expertise in electronic control algorithms and transforming complicated mathematical computation into software coding.
Modules of motor control algorithm
Motor
control
theories
Software coding

7. Motor Engineers’ Dream
What if there is a new solution that can
Provide modularized and advanced motor control libraries.
Minimize software design efforts but still provides programmable system control and communication interfaces for implementation of additional features.
Provide hardware protection and the robustness of analogy controllers

8. New Architecture for BLDC Motor Control
Integration of Analog and Digital IC
GPIO
UART
I2C
SPI
FOC DQ
Sinsoidal
Embedded MCU
A MCS®51-compatible MCU processor provides motor control commands to the AMC to perform motor control activities, and manage external communication interfaces
Advanced Motor Controller
A hardware-based motor controller plus configurable processing core which can be configured to several kinds of specific motor control algorithm.

9. How Does the Hybrid Architecture Work?
AMC : Dedicated to motor controls
MCU : Center of flow control and communication interfaces. Manage the functions such as speed control panel, remote control, or LED light indicators.

10. Benefits of the Hybrid Architecture
Minimum Software Effort
The AMC performs powerful algorithms such as FOC and DQ control by using Fairchild’s libraries that can be configured and stored in AMC. Only simple system control software program needed in MCU.
Reliability
AMC and MCU work independently to avoid system hang-ups.
Robust Performance
Real time cycle-by-cycle current protections in the hardware based AMC detect and turn off PWM signals in μs to prevent system damage.

11. Advanced Motor Control Libraries
Capable of adapting to various motor designs, the AMC can be configured with different libraries.
The AMC libraries now available :
Speed Integral: Sensorless FOC library for applications with static load, such as pedestal fan, air-con fan,ceiling fan…etc
Sliding Mode: Sensorless FOC library for applications with dynamic load, such as water pumps, oil pumps and compressors
Hall Interface: Library used in Hall sensor motor control systems with square/ sinusoidal wave drive.

12. Easy-to-Use Developing Tool : MCDS
Fairchild provides the Motor Control Development System (MCDS) IDE and MCDS Programming Kit for users to develop software, compile programs, and perform online debugging.
Friendly user interface that reduces the time and effort of studying datasheets and coding.
Visual setting options to replace complex software coding.
Motor design configurations by simple step-by-step clicking and selecting.
Support real time motor tuning.

13. FCM8531 Hybrid Motor Controller
Fairchild has explored the need of motor engineers and developed a new hybrid controller – FCM8531
Easy to use and fully integrated solution with completed developing tools and advanced motor control libraries allows very fast time to market

14. FCM8531 - AMC AMC (Advanced Motor Controller)
Configurable Processing Core
Angle Predictor
PWM Engine
SAW Generator
PWM Generator
SVM Generator
PWM Modulation
Leading Angle Control
More
ADC
Protections
MSFR

15. AMC Libraries - Speed Integral
Easy to use, fewer parameters
Support higher speed range
Easy to achieve speed control
Suitable for static load applications such as fans
θSVM = (Qr+90°)
Θp = Qr * AS

16. AMC Libraries - Sliding Mode
Robust to control dynamic load
Suitable pump and compressor applications.
Basic motor knowledge and various parameter settings are required.

17. AMC - PWM Engine
Cycle-by-Cycle Off

18. AMC - SAW Generator
SPRDH/L{10:0]

19. AMC - PWM Generator Dead Time: @30Mhz
00 : 12x tSYS (0.4us) 01 : 36x tSYS (1.2us) 10 : 60x tSYS (2.0us) 11 : 96x tSYS (3.2us)
Minimum on
00 : 12x tSYS (0.4us) 01 : 24x tSYS (0.8us) 10 : 36x tSYS (1.2us) 11 : 48x tSYS (1.6us)
Other Options:
PWM Mode
Synchronous Rectifier (SR)
Low Side Minimum PWM
Independent mode

20. AMC - PWM Modulation Sinusoidal Modulation Square-wave Modulation HAHB HC 0°
60°
120°
180°
240°
300°
360°
Phase U
Phase V
Phase W
SAW U X V Y W Z HA HB HC U X V Y W Z 0°
60°
120°
180°
240°
300°
360°      
DUTY
SAW
Ton

21. AMC - Leading Angle Control

22. AMC - Over Current Protection
Over Current Protections
Cycle-by-Cycle current limit
Short-circuit detection
VBIAS (2V)= IBIAS (50uA) x RBIAS (40 kΩ)

23. AMC - Fault Protection
An interrupt will be generated when fault is detected and shown in the fault register.

24. AMC - ADC Block Diagram 8 CH, 10-bit ADC Auto-Trigger Sample & Hold
Four Trigger Mode Selections
Three Pre-AMP Gain Selections

25. AMC - 10-Bit ADC Sampling Positions
SAW Peak
SAW Valley
By Timer 0
Manual mode
3 different sample rate for 10 channels of ADC
High Speed IA/IB/IC: Sample rate is ADC trigger rate
Mid Speed VA/VB/VC: Sample rate is 1/4 of ADC trigger rate
Low Speed AIN0/AIN1/AIN2/AIN3: Sample rate is 1/16 of ADC trigger rate

26. FCM8531 - Embedded MCU MCS® 51 Compatible
Advanced Instruction Architecture
Memory Size:
12K Bytes Flash Program Memory
256 +1K Bytes SRAM Data Memory
Extended 16-bit Multiplication/Division Unit
Up to 17 GPIO
Full Duplex Serial Interface (UART)
I2C Interface
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
Three External Interrupts
Three 16-bit Timers
Programmable 15-bit Watchdog Timer
Built-in Power-On Reset (POR)
Built-in Clock Generator
2-Level Program Memory Lock
Power Saving
Support OCDS and ISP

27. MCU - Memory Map

28. MCU - GPIO, UART

29. MCU - I2C

30. MCU - SPI

31. MCU - MDU (Multiplication/Division Unit)
17 cycles
11 cycles
9 cycles
3~19 cycles

32. MCU - Power Saving IDLE Mode STOP Mode SLEEP Mode
execution of MCU programs pauses, but the peripheral I/O circuits continue to work (e.g., PWM, external interrupt, timing, serial output, etc.).
STOP Mode
execution of programs, digital I/O interfaces, and all digital circuits pause. This mode continues until the occurrence of an EX0/EX1 external interrupt or a system reset.
SLEEP Mode
the MCU and AMC are both turned off. At this moment, the alarm timer begins to count. After a timeout, the MCU and AMC are turned on again.

33. Online Design Resources
Affordable EVB and
MCDS Programming Kit
available online
Completed Design Tool and User Guides
MCDS IDE software
Hardware Description
Evaluation Board (EVB) User Guide
MCDS IDE User Guide
MCU Instruction Set User Guide
Library User Guide - Speed Integral
Library User Guide - Sliding Mode
Library User Guide - Hall Interface
Focus on Sensorless and Fan

34. Applications Suitable Applications Sensorless IPM/SPM BLDC/PMSM Motor
Fan
Pedestal Fan
FCU / FFU
Air-Con Fan
Range-hood
Ceiling Fan
Exhaust Fan
Blower
Pump
Power-Tool
E-bike, etc.
Focus on Sensorless and Fan

35. Fairchild’s Complete Motor Solution
Fairchild provide all the key functional building blocks for motor system
These includes
BLDC controller
Integrated PWM controller
PFC controller
SPM® Smart Power Module
IGBT/MOSFER
HV gate driver
Optocoupler
Focus on Sensorless and Fan

36. Summary How do we DEFINE a good motor controller?
Definitely not only about advanced or high-speed processors…..
But a collocation of mature semiconductor technology with modularized and advanced motor control libraries.
For more information about evaluation boards, user guides, videos, white papers…etc, please visit :

37. twitter.com/fairchildSemi