1. The Protestant Reformation
Ms. Catsos

2. Overview Corruption in the Church Martin Luther’s Protest
Spread of Luther’s Ideas
John Calvin

3. Church in the late Middle Ages
Babylonian Captivity
Return to Rome- need to rebuild
Schemes to collect money
Simony (paying for Church offices)
Tithes on land
Indulgences: payment for the forgiveness of sins

4. Corrupt Officials 12 year old bishops Illiterate priests
Immoral behavior
Caricature of Pope Alexander VI

5. Martin Luther German monk and professor of theology
Had a deep personal fear of eternal damnation and thought the Church was leading people astray
Never meant to start a new religion; only to reform the Church

6. 95 Theses 95 arguments against the Church’s selling of indulgences
Almost immediately, printed and spread across Europe

7. Lutheran Beliefs Salvation by faith alone
Authority of the scriptures alone
Vernacular translation of the Bible
Different roles for priests

8. Diet of Worms
Luther at the Diet of Worms (1521): “I cannot and I will not recant anything, for to go against conscience is neither right nor safe. Here I stand, I cannot do otherwise.”

9. Spread of Luther’s Ideas
Widespread support among monarchs who wanted to reduce Church power.
Peasants inspired by Luther revolted calling for an end to serfdom. Luther did not support them.
Peace of Augsburg: Allowed each German prince to choose the religion of his own land.

10. John Calvin
Catholic priest who converted in 1534 and fled to Geneva, Switzerland
Belief in predestination, the belief that God has already planned out people’s lives and has already chosen who will go to Heaven
Calvin set up a theocracy, or government run a religious group, in Geneva

11. Europe After the Reformation

12. Political Cartoons Common in an era when few people could read
Caricature of Pope Alexander VI

13. Cartoon: Christ and Antichrist