1. The Protestant Reformation Review

2. Key Concepts End of Christian Unity in the West
Attack on the medieval church—its institutions, doctrine, practices and personnel

3. Geography

4. Western World?

5. Catholicism at the time of the Reformation (1517)
Corruption in Rome
Indulgences
Masses for the dead
Extravagant church spending
Grace + Works = Salvation

6. St. Peter’s Basilica
Pope Leo X

7. The story
John Tetzel

8. Martin Luther Nailed 95 Theses to door in Wittenburg, Germany.
Intended to start dialogue among academics
Indulgences?
Sparked the Reformation

9. Early Protestant Theology
Humans are completely sinful and deserve damnation.
God is primary actor in human/God relationship.
God calls us, by his grace. Faith is not a work; it is a gift from God. (Ephesians 2:8-9)
Scripture interpreted in terms of Law and Gospel. (Romans 7:7)

10. Luther

11. Was Luther a radical or a conservative?
Was kicked out of church.
Didn’t change the Mass (only no more latin)
Mix between Catholic and Protestant.

12. Reformation continues in Switzerland…
Who was John Calvin?

13. John Calvin’s theology
Geneva Switzerland
Total Depravity
Unconditional election
Limited atonement
Irresistible Grace
Perseverance of the saints.

14. King Henry VIII England
Wanted a divorce; Catholic church would not grant him one.
Set up his own church in England
Anglican church

15. VI. Results of the Reformation
Germany was politically weakened and fragmented
Christian Church was splintered in the West
100 Years of Religious Warfare
Furthered societal individualism and secularism
Growing doubt and religious skepticism

16. VI. Results of Reformation (cont)
Political stability valued over religious truth
Calvinism boosted the commercial revolution
Witch craze swept Europe in the 1600’s
--Between , people in Germany, people in Switzerland and people in England were executed as witches