1. Animal Science/Dairy Science 434
Reproductive Physiology
Lecture 1: Introduction, Female Anatomy
Updated:11/9/2018

2. What is happening in this image?
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3. Instructions Graded exercise (5 points)
On the card provided, list 3 things that you observe or know are occurring in the scene. (2 minutes)
Print your name at the top
Form groups of 4 or 5 (List the names in the group on your card).
Take 2 minutes to discuss the scene and make a group list of what is occurring in the scene.
Updated:11/9/2018

4. Potential Ways To Interpret Image
Superficial
Looking into each other’s eyes
Touching
Physiological changes
Heart rates increasing
Increased blood flow to reproductive organs
Lubrication of vagina, clitoral enlargement, contractions of uterus
Erection of penis, contractions of epididymis
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5. Instructor John J. Parrish 714 Animal Science parrish@ansci.wisc.edu
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6. Laboratories Tuesday, Wednesday or Thursday Room 134 Animal Science
3:30 - 5:30
may last until 6:00
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7. Text Pathways to Pregnancy and Parturition - Second Edition
P.L. Senger
UW Bookstore
Library (not 2nd edition)
Updated:11/9/2018

8. Web Page http://www.wisc.edu/ansci_repro/
Syllabus
Lecture Outlines and Handouts
Labs
Old Exams
Project Information
Important Dates
Grading
Updated:11/9/2018

9. 434 Web Site Modifications
Updates may occur daily.
Lecture outlines and labs are currently for last year
2004 lecture updates are usually done by 8:15 the day of lecture
2004 lab material will be updated by the time of Tuesday’s lecture.
Updated:11/9/2018

10. Web Page Techniques Netscape 4.5 or better
Internet Explorer 5.0 or better
Will work best from a campus networked computer
essential for video clips in WebCT
Display set for 800 X 600
Frames were used in page construction
Printing (check FAQ)
movement within web site
Reload button (for lab computers)
the site is continually being changed
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11. Updated:11/9/2018

12. Initial Syllabus Lectures Labs Handouts Old Exams Project FAQ
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13. Syllabus
Updated:11/9/2018

14. Important Dates Lecture Exams Lab Exams Oral Final February 19 April 8
May 12 (12:25 PM, Friday )
Lab Exams
February 24 (given 3X on Tuesday)
April 27, 28 or 29 (taken in lab)
Oral Final
April 8 to end of class
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15. Grading (Tentative)
Lecture Exam I 100 Lecture Exam II 100 Lecture Exam III 100 Lab Exam I 50 Lab Exam II 50 Oral Final 100 Project 200 Lab Exercises 65 Lab quizzes (start of lab; 5 pts each) 25 Lab quizzes (end of lab; 5 pts each) 65
Total 855
The final grade will be curved but generally ends near the following percentages: A (100-93%), AB (88-93%), B (80-88%), BC (79-70%), C (69-60%), D (59-50%), F (<50%).
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16. Case or Problem Based Approach
Dear Uncle Ed;
I turned my heifers out this fall with a bull. The veterinarian determined most were pregnant in January. The heifer in the center of the picture was however not pregnant. What could be the problem?
Your nephew,
John
Updated:11/9/2018

17. How do you approach a case?
What information is relevant and what is not?
What do you need to know?
Where will you find this information?
Team or Group responsibilities
What will each member do?
Time limits
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18. Female Reproductive Tract Anatomy
Lecture 1
Female Reproductive Tract Anatomy
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19. Learning Objectives
To learn the different structures and nomenclatures for the parts of the female reproductive system.
To learn the basic functions for the different parts of the tract and how they work together.
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20. Equine - Horse
Male
Stallion
Female
Mare
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21. Bovine - Cattle
Male
Bull
Female
Cow
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22. Ovine - Sheep
Male
Ram
Female
Ewe
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23. Porcine - Swine - Pig
Male
Boar
Female
Sow
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24. Avian - Chicken
Male
Rooster
Female
Hen
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25. Uterine Body Uterine Horn Ovary Oviduct Cervix Bladder Vagina Urethra
Clitoris
Vulva
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26. Rectum Uterus Vulva Ovary Vagina Pelvis Bladder Cervix Oviduct
Broad Ligament
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27. Broad Ligament
connective tissue sheet which supports and suspends the reproductive tract
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28. Broad Ligament
mesometrium
mesovarium
mesosalpinx
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29. Ovary - Primary Sex Organ
Functions
Hormonal
Estrogen
Progesterone
Female gamete
Oocyte
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30. Ovary Follicle - Estrogen, Oocyte Corpus Luteum Corpus Luteum
Progesterone
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31. } Ovary Germinal Epithelium Cortex Medulla Tunica Albuginea
85% of Ovarian
Cancers
Medulla
Blood and lymphatic
Vessels & nerves
Hilus }
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32. Ruptured follicle (ovulation) Tertiary follicle Primary follicle
Egg nest
Tertiary
follicle
Atretic follicle
Secondary follicle
Corpus
hemorrhagicum
Corpus albicans
Corpus luteum
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33. Primordial Follicle Primary Follicle Secondary follicle
Tertiary follicle
Flattened cells surround oocyte
Follicle Cells
Nucleus
Increase in size of oocyte and height of follicular cells
Ooplasma
Follicular Cells
Surrounded by several layers of follicular cells
Oocyte
Follicle forms a fluid filled cavity
Differentiation of cell layers in the follicle wall
Antrum

34. Tertiary Follicle Theca Externa Antrum Theca Interna
(Follicular Fluid)
Theca Interna
Basement
Membrane
Oocyte
Granulosa
Cumulus Oophorus
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35. Tertiary Follicle Theca Interna Granulosa Oocyte Cumulus Oophorus
Antrum
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36. Follicular Blood Supply
Theca interna cells
Basement Membrane
Granulosa cells
Capillary
network
Follicular
fluid
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37. Secondary Sex Organ: A Series of Tubes to Convey the Oocyte/Embryo/Fetus to the Outside
Serosa
Submucosa
Longitudinal smooth
muscle layer
Lumen
Circular smooth
muscle layer
Mucosa
Muscularis
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38. Functions of Oviduct Gamete Transport
Sperm
Oocyte
Supports early embryo development
Transport of embryo to uterus
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39. Oviduct Ovary Uterine Horn Isthmus Utero-Tubal Junction
Ampullary-Isthmic
Junction
Ampulla
Infundibulum
( cm2)
Ostium
Cumulus Oophorus
and Oocyte
Fimbria
Ovary
Follicle
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40. Oviduct Ampulla Mesosalpinx Isthmus UT Junction Uterine Horn
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41. Oviduct Histology Mucosa Ciliated Columnar Nonciliated Columnar
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42. Functions of the Uterus
Muscle contractions
Transport sperm
Expel fetus and placenta
Absorption and phagocytosis
Partially prepares sperm for fertilization
capacitation
Provides environment for embryo and fetal growth
Hormone production
Prostaglandin F2a production
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43. Uterus (bovine) Bicornuate horn body
poorly to moderately developed uterine horns
uterine body
one cervix
cervix
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44. Caruncles
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45. Uterine Histology Endometrium Endometrial Glands Perimetrium
Myometrium
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46. Uterine Histology Mucosa Endometrial Gland Endometrium Myometrium
Submucosa
Myometrium
Perimetrium
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47. Functions of the Cervix
Transport of sperm
Barrier to sperm (species dependent)
Reservoir for sperm
Blocking bacterial invasion during pregnancy
Birth canal
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48. COW Cervix Cervix is composed of thick connective tissue
Uterine Body
Internal Cervical Os
Cervix is composed of thick connective tissue
Mucus is secreted near the time of breeding and ovulation.
Cervix
Cow has 4-5
annular rings
External Cervical Os
Vagina
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49. Cervix COW Internal Os Cervical Ring Cervical Ring Fornix Fornix
External Os
EWE
Fornix
Anterior Vagina
Anterior Vagina
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50. Functions of the Vagina
Copulatory organ
Glands secrete lubrication
Birth canal
Glands secrete pheremones
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51. Posterior Vagina (Vestibule)
Anterior Vagina
Posterior Vagina (Vestibule)
Cervix
Vulva-Vaginal Sphincter
Fornix
Stratified
Squamous
Epithelium
Columnar
Epithelium
Urethra
Mucosa
Submucosa
Submucosa
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52. Posterior Vaginal Histology
Stratified Squamous
Epithelium
Mucosa
Submucosa
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53. Function of External Genitalia
Labia
Closes entrance to vagina
Clitoris
Female sensory organ
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54. External Genitalia of the Cow
Anus
Vulva
Labia
Clitoris
Labia
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55. Phenomena For Fertility
vagina dentata - a vagina with teeth
female bedbug - no vagina
hysterectomy - if woman went to long without becoming pregnant then uterus would wonder in body causing hysteria and other distresses
hyena - clitoris is very large and looks like the male penis; female also has a false scrotum (labia); female is the dominate sex and produces more testosterone than male
Updated:11/9/2018