1. Flowers
Horticulture

2. “Would a rose,
called by any other name,
still smell as sweet?”

3. Buds Vernilization: a chilling requirement
an undeveloped shoot from which embryonic leaves or flower parts arise
Vernilization: a chilling requirement
buds of many plants require exposure to a certain number of days below a critical temperature before they will resume growth in the spring.

4. Types of Buds
1. leaf bud
composed of a short stem with embryonic leaves,
these buds develop into leafy shoots
often less plump and more pointed than flower buds

5. 2. Flower Bud
composed of a short stem with embryonic flower parts

6. Buds are names after the location which they inhabit on the stem surface.
Terminal buds
those which are located at the tip of a stem
Lateral Buds
those on the sides of the stem
arise in the axis (angle where the leaf attaches to the stem) of a leaf and are called auxiliary buds

7. Flowers Function sole purpose is sexual reproduction
fragrance and color are devices to attract pollinators

9. Parts of the flower Sepals
small, green, leaf-like structures on the base of the flower
protect the flower bud.
collectively called calyx.

10. 2. Petals highly colored portions of the flower
collectively called the corolla.
the number of petals on a flower is often used to ID plant families.
Flowers of dicots typically have sepals and/ or petals in multiples of four or five
Monocots typically have multiples of three

11. 3. Pistil female part of the plant generally shaped like a bowling pin
located at the center of the flower
consist of stigma, style and ovary.
the ovary is a swollen, base part that is connected by a stalk like portion (the style) to an enlarged, terminal portion (stigma)

12. 4. Stamen male reproductive organ
consists of a pollen sac ANTHER, and a long supporting filament.
the filament supports the anther so that pollen may be distributed.
located above the petals

13. Types of Flowers 1. Complete Flowers: 2. Incomplete Flower
has ALL 4 parts (sepals, petals, stamen and anther)
2. Incomplete Flower
is missing one or more of the parts

14. Types of flowers 3. Perfect flower:
has both the stamen and the pistil.
most flowers in the horticultural industry are perfect

15. 4. Imperfect flower is missing the stamen or the pistil.
Corn is imperfect: male flowers or stamens are the tassels at the top of the plant. The female flowers, or pistils, produce the ears. The silks in the ear are actually the styles of the pistol

16. Questions… Is a complete flower a perfect flower? yes
Is a perfect flower a complete flower?
Not always

17. More terms PISTILLATE STAMINATE STERILE
flowers contain only a pistil (female)
STAMINATE
flowers contain only a stamen (male)
STERILE
flowers either have no stamen and no pistil or they are non-functional.

18. Terms Monoecious flowers Dioecious
has both male and female flowers on the same plant
Monoecious literally means “one house.”
Dioecious
male and female flowers occur on different plants.
Dioecious literally means “two houses.”