1. Internet of Things (IoT)
Amadou Diallo, Jason Bradley, Julio de Sa, Linden Haynes, Jeremy Taylor
CS4622 (8PM) Team 1

2. What is the Internet of Things?
Recent trend in device connectivity connects several “things”
Millions of devices that aren’t connected – but could be - causes us to lose a lot of potential data
Gartner’s “Hype Cycle” keeps our expectations in check.
Speaker should mention what “things” are
Speaker should mention things that have been made to be connected that weren’t previously and things that are continuously getting more connected. (don’t go too into detail, because that’s the next two slides)
Mention that we’ll come back to the hype cycle later (helps with flow)
CS4622 (8PM) Team 1

3. Categories of “Things”
Conventional devices enhanced with internet connectivity
How many of these do you already use?
Think mechanical things like plumbing, fridges, cars, watches.. Millions of examples.
Mention that remote control functionality and automation here.
CS4622 (8PM) Team 1

4. Categories of “Things”
Conventional systems enhanced via new devices using IoT patterns.
Are you aware of when these are affecting you?
Talk about “smart cities” here.
Make note to the class that these categories aren’t set in stone, and often overlap (like smart phones, perhaps smart cars even)
CS4622 (8PM) Team 1

5. Accelerators for the IoT
Complexity for a device to be connected is lower.
Internet address space has increased.
“The Cloud” allows for more data collections.
Note that sensors are much, much cheaper nowadays, and there are many different types of sensors. (Maybe look up a few sensors that are commonly used for smaller things. Mention Raspberry Pi’s even?)
Mention IPv6
Really hammer in how easy and accessible it is to get a server for data storage. Things like Amazon’s EC2 and AWS make this insanely cheaper than it once was.
CS4622 (8PM) Team 1

6. Motion Detecting Sensor ~$10 Optical Sensor ~$25
These are just different sensors to give an appreciation for how small these are, and we need to describe the amount of information they can give.
Pulse Rate Sensor
~$22
CS4622 (8PM) Team 1

7. Sensor Networks
Groups of sensors that communicate with higher layered groups of more sophisticated sensors
Generally have specifically
designed purposes.
Sensor networks have
existed for a while.
Can also bring up RFID, which allow tracking of sensors much more
Come up with some type of sensor network example (perhaps a patient in a hospital having pulse sensors)
Note that IoT cannot exist without these basic networks, but these networks can exist without the concept of IoT.
CS4622 (8PM) Team 1

8. “Flow” of IoT Data Data is created and sent Data is stored
Sent through the network using MQTT, HTTP, or CoAP
The amount of data should be small and, of course, efficient
Data is stored
The order of the data is often important
Data is analyzed
Order of magnitude of data analyzed varies widely
Data creation/sending:
Mention that these three are the most common in IoT
They’re light-weight, but HTTP isn’t suited to constrained environments (which you want smaller IoT devices to be)
Data storage:
The data can be large or small, but it must be ordered, because many IoT devices rely on the actual time the data is made
Data analysis:
Mention examples of magnitude like: a fridge knowing when its milk is expired to the thousands of cars analyzed to know traffic data
CS4622 (8PM) Team 1

9. IoT Protocols MQTT – Message Queuing Telemetry Transport
Extremely lightweight
“Machine-to-machine” connectivity
CoAP – Constrained Application Protocol
Very simple, less lightweight
Translates to HTTP
Mention that MQTT works on top of the TCP/IP protocol
Works under the notion that network bandwidth is very limited
Mention CoAP is an application layer protocol
CoAP is also defined under an RFC
Mention that translating to HTTP means far easier integration into web systems
CS4622 (8PM) Team 1

10. Challenges and Concerns
Lack of standardization brings back the complexity dropped from improving the technology.
Open Connectivity Foundation (Dell, Intel, Samsung)
Industrial Internet Consortium (Intel, Cisco, GE, IBM)
AllJoyn (Qualcomm, Linux)
Security becomes an issue
as complexity of sensors is
intentionally reduced
Continuation from “hype cycle”
Standardization: Difficult to integrate systems once again, refer back to the idea of how the internet began from proprietary networks
Groups below are pushing for standardization between companies, AllJoyn merging with OCF
Also note that this can bottleneck everything being connected
Security: note that the smaller components are left unattended in devices (think of ATM machines and card scammers)
Also bring up software updates and actual network attacks on the devices sending
CS4622 (8PM) Team 1

11. Privacy Concerns
How would a user opt out of being involved in the IoT?
Ethical issues of storing data indefinitely exist.
CS4622 (8PM) Team 1

12. References
explanation-internet-things-that-anyone-can-understand/
you-need-to-know-about-the-iot-right-now/
411FINAL.pdf
CS4622 (8PM) Team 1