1. AGENDA ANNOUNCEMENTS Attendance Announcements Incorporating Sources
Attendance
Announcements
Incorporating Sources
ANNOUNCEMENTS
Sign up for your Unit 3 Conference!
HOMEWORK:
“Mind Your Ps & Qs”
Research!

2. Incorporating Sources
Summary of Source #1
Summary of Source #2
Summary of Source #3
Summary of Source #4

3. An argument is supported by evidence:
“I think we should do this, let me show you how I came to this conclusion…”

4. Putting Sources into Conversation
Subtopic #1
Subtopic #2
Subtopic #3
Subtopic #4
Subtopic #5
Subtopic #6

5. A quotation is a reprint of an author’s words.
Quotations
A quotation is a reprint of an author’s words.
Quote directly when the exact wording of a source is crucial:
When the language is especially powerful or meaningful
- including specific or original terms
When the author is an authority whose expertise supports your position
When you want to allow the author to speak in his or her own words
You should never change the words in a quotation without indicating the changes. The quotation marks you use tells readers that everything within those quotations marks appears in your writing exactly the same as it appears in the source you are quoting.

6. Attribution tags tell your readers whose words you are using.
Use attribution tags to set-up quotes:
According to Dr. Rosenberg, “The spork, a hybrid of the spoon
and fork, is the most utilitarian of all utensils” (157).
Gene Olson, author of Sweet Agony, notes, “There is no more demanding task than writing. No matter how long one works
at it, no matter how many words are produced, room for improvement will always remain” (13).
Attribution tags tell your readers whose words you are using.

7. You MUST include in-text citations with EVERY quote:
According to Dr. Rosenberg, “The spork, a hybrid of the spoon
and fork, is the most utilitarian of all utensils” (157).
Gene Olson, author of Sweet Agony, notes, “There is no more demanding task than writing. No matter how long one works
at it, no matter how many words are produced, room for improvement will always remain” (13).

8. MLA In-text citations three ways:
Requires the last name of the author(s) and the page number
In-text citations three ways:
 1. Attribution for the quote in the sentence + page number in parentheses
Wordsworth stated that Romantic poetry was marked by a “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (263).
2. Attribution and page number in parentheses
Romantic poetry is characterized by the “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (Wordsworth 263).
3. Attribution for the paraphrase within the sentence + page number in parentheses
Wordsworth extensively explored the role of emotion in the creative process (263).
Works Cited: Wordsworth, William. Lyrical Ballads. Oxford UP, 1967.

9. APA
Requires the last name of the author(s), the year of publication, and the page number.
In-text citation three ways:
1. Attribution for the quote in the sentence + page number in parentheses
 Wordsworth (1967) stated Romantic poetry was marked by a “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (p. 263).
2. Attribution and page number in parentheses
Romantic poetry is characterized by the “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (Wordsworth, 1967, p. 263).
3. Attribution for the paraphrase within the sentence + page number in parentheses
Wordsworth (1967) extensively explored the role of emotion in the creative process (263).
References:
Wordsworth, W. (1967). Lyrical ballads: With a few other poems. Oxford UP.

10. A paraphrase is a restatement of an author’s idea.
Paraphrases
A paraphrase is a restatement of an author’s idea.
Paraphrase to convey information in your own words:
When the author’s specific words are not memorable or required to relay the idea
When a direct quote would abruptly interrupt your own writing
Paraphrases should be roughly the same length as the original, and they must accurate relay the meaning of the original phrase(s).

11. Before writing a paraphrase:
Look up any unfamiliar words so you have a thorough understanding of the author’s points.
While writing a paraphrase:
Present the main ideas in your own words.
Use different phrasing and sentence structure than the author.
After writing a paraphrase:
Make sure you have not included your own ideas or excluded or changed the author’s ideas.

12. ORIGINAL
Not unlike drugs or alcohol, the television experience allows the participant to blot out the real world and enter into a pleasurable and passive mental state. To be sure, other experiences, notably reading, also provide a temporary respite from reality. But it’s much easier to stop reading and return to reality than to stop watching television. The entry into another world offered by reading includes an easily accessible return ticket. The entry via television does not. In this way television viewing, for those vulnerable to addiction, is more like drinking or taking drugs – once you start, it’s hard to stop from Marie Winn, The Plug-In Drug
PARAPHRASE
Marie Winn says that like drugs or alcohol, television allows people to blot out reality and escape into the passive world of television. Reading also provides a break from the real world, but it’s easier to put down a book than to turn off the television. Therefore, in people susceptible to addiction, television viewing is more like drinking or taking drugs than reading: It’s much harder to stop once you’ve started (23).

13. ORIGINAL
A key factor in explaining the sad state of American education can be found in overbureaucratization, which is seen in the compulsion to consolidate our public schools into massive factories and to increase to mammoth size our universities even in underpopulated states. The problem with bureaucracies is that they have to work hard and long to keep from substituting self-serving survival and growth for their original primary objective. Few succeed. Bureaucracies have no soul, no memory, and no conscience. If there is a single stumbling block on the road to the future, it is the bureaucracy as we know it from Edward T. Hall, Beyond Culture
PARAPHRASE
In his book, Beyond Culture, Edward T. Hall discusses the problems posed by the increasing bureaucratization of American educational institutions. Hall maintains that overbureaucratization is one of the key factors governing the state of education in America today. He points to the tendency of bureaucracies to promote their own growth and survival first and foremost, and observes that few overcome that tendency. He believes that this is responsible for the fact that many public schools bear a closer resemblance to factories than to educational institutions. In Hall’s words, “Bureaucracies have no soul, no memory, and no conscience” (157).

14. Paraphrase:
ENGL 101 instructors don’t like Wikipedia because they believe it is inaccurate and inconsistent (Purdy 206-7).
Works Cited entry:
Purdy, James P. “Wikipedia is Good for You!?” Writing Spaces: Readings on Writing. Vol. 1. Ed. Charles Lowe and Pavel Zemliansky. Parlor Press,

15. (APA) (MLA) (CMS/Turabian) Modern Language Association
Formatting and style standards are set by:
Modern Language Association
(MLA)
American Psychological Association
(APA)
University of Chicago Press
(CMS/Turabian)
among others

17. Schedule your conference! Paraphrase & quoting practice
HOMEWORK
Schedule your conference!
Paraphrase & quoting practice
Research