1. The 13 English Colonies
Chapter 4

2. Section 1
New England Colonies

3. I. Puritans Leave England
Puritans left England for Massachusetts during 1630
Looking to reform Church not separate from it.
Wanted a more simple form of worship
Do away with things inherited from Catholic church ( Finely decorated houses of worship, organ music and special clothing for priests)
C. Powerful group in England
many were small farmers
Were well educated merchants and landowners
Charles I disapproved of the Puritans

4. II. Massachusetts
1629 Puritan leaders persuaded royals for a charter to the Massachusetts Bay area.
Wanted to set up a colony and society based on biblical laws and teaching (example in the new world)
Eldest son in England inherited land. So, Younger sons would move to Mass Bay area for cheap land
Chance to start a business

5. E. Governing the Colony 1630 John Winthrop and 1000 settlers arrived.
Winthrop was first governor
All men who were church members could vote. (stockholders)
Elected governor and representatives to the Great Court.
the colony prospered. 15,000 men, women and children made the journey. ( Great Migration)

6. III. Connecticut
Puritan leaders did not like anyone to question their religion or form of government.
Forced colonists to leave
Thomas Hooker led 100 settlers out to the Connecticut River and built the town of Hartford
Hooker believed the government and church officials had too much power.
D. Hooker and other settlers wrote a plan called Fundamental Orders of Connecticut in 1639

7. E. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
1. Set up like that of the government of Massachusetts with two differences
All men could vote as long as they owned property, even if they were not members of the church
Limited the governor’s power
2. Expanded the idea of representative government

8. IV. Rhode Island
Roger Williams, a young minister in Salem, challenged the leaders of Mass.
believed Puritan church had too much power
Williams‘s view was the business of church and state should be separate.
Thought political affairs would corrupt the church
State should only maintain order and peace

9. C. Religious Tolerance
Williams felt the Puritan leaders should not force none puritans to go to religious services.
He believed in religious tolerance.
a) Religious tolerance is a willingness to let others practice their own beliefs.
Williams allowed for everyone to worship freely
a) Protestants, Catholics, and Jews

10. D. Anne Hutchinson Devout Puritan who was forced to leave Mass.
She and friends would discuss the minister’s sermon after church.
Church leaders grew angry.
Said Hutchinson’s views were in error
Women had no right to explain God’s law
Hutchinson was called to trial.
They found that she broke no Puritan laws.
She claimed God spoke to her directly.

11. V. New Hampshire Trading and fishing villages
lived friendly with Indians at first.
1670- nearly 45,000 settlers had taken over a great amount of Indian land.
1675- a large fight between Indian groups and New England colonies started.
Metacom, King Phillip, chief of the Wampanoag attacked villages throughout New England.

12. VI. Life in New England A. Religion and Family
Took Sabbath (Holy Day) serious
Could not play games
Could not visit taverns to joke, talk, or drink
Law required every citizen to attend church (lasted all day)
2. Women on one side men on the other
Indians and slave stood in balcony
Children had separate pews where an adult watched over them.

13. B. Government
Town meetings- settlers discussed and voted on many issues
Puritan laws were strict
a) 15 crimes had the death penalty, one of which was witchcraft.
1692 Puritans in Salem burned 20 men and women as witches.

14. C. Economy Rocky soil was poor for farming Hunted deer and turkey
Indians taught them how to grow corn, squash, pumpkins, and beans.
Hunted deer and turkey
Cut down trees and turned it into lumber
Fished for cod and halibut
Hunted whales for its blubber and bones