1. ABAP/4程序员之路——第3天
上海华和得易信息技术有限公司 王勇

2. 本日学习内容
BATCH INPUT程序概念和作成
DIALOG程序初步

3. Batch Input程序
Batch Input是一种数据批量输入SAP系统的辅助程序， SAP系统的资料、格式可以通过Batch Input录入SAP系统
Batch Input的机制是模拟事务处理将数据录入R/3系统
Batch Input类似SAP的CATT，控制性更好，处理能力更强

4. Batch Input处理流程 分析需要什么样的数据结构 建立Batch Input程序 处理Batch Input数据 分析结果
分析错误的Session

5. 分析数据结构 可以通过在屏幕字段上按‘F1’，然后查看其技术信息获得字段信息 一般我们通过工具来进行辅助分析：
SHDB － Batch Input Transaction Recorder
SM35 － Batch Input Monitoring
SCAT － Computer Aided Test Tool

6. SHDB － Batch Input Transaction Recorder

7. SHDB － Batch Input Transaction Recorder

8. SHDB － Batch Input Transaction Recorder

9. SHDB － Batch Input Transaction Recorder

10. 建立Batch Input程序 …… “创建Batch Input的数据 APPEND BDCDATA. “调用事务
CALL TRANSACTION <transaction code>
USING <BDCDATA table>
MODE <display mode>
UPDATE <update mode>
MESSAGE INTO <message table> .

11. 建立Batch Input程序 BDCDATA的结构 Field Name Type Length Description PROGRAM
CHAR 8
Module pool
DYNPRO
NUMC 4
DYNAPRO number
DYNBEGIN 1
Starting a DYNPRO
FNAM 35
Field name
FVAL 80
Field value

12. 建立Batch Input程序 声明内部BDCDATA的内部表 清空内部表
DATA:BEGIN OF BDCDATA OCCURS 0.
INCLUDE STRUCTURE BDCDATA.
DATA:END OF BDCDATA.
清空内部表
*& *
*& Action : 清空BatchInput操作序列的内部表BDCDATA *
*& Input : 无 *
*& Output : 无 *
FORM BDC_REFRESH.
REFRESH BDCDATA.
ENDFORM.

13. 建立Batch Input程序
设置屏幕
*& *
*& Action : 添加Program/DynPro操作到BatchInput序列的内部表BDCDATA *
*& Input : PROGRAM - 程序名（长度为8的字符串） *
*& DYNPRO - 画面号 *
*& Output : 无 *
FORM BDC_DYNPRO USING PROGRAM
DYNPRO.
CLEAR BDCDATA.
BDCDATA-PROGRAM = PROGRAM.
BDCDATA-DYNPRO = DYNPRO.
BDCDATA-DYNBEGIN = 'X'.
APPEND BDCDATA.
ENDFORM.

14. 建立Batch Input程序 设置屏幕字段
*& *
*& Action : 添加屏幕数据操作到BatchInput序列的内部表BDCDATA *
*& Input : FNAM - 屏幕项目名 *
*& FVAL - 填写项目值 *
*& Output : 无 *
FORM BDC_FIELD USING FNAM FVAL.
CLEAR BDCDATA.
BDCDATA-FNAM = FNAM.
BDCDATA-FVAL = FVAL.
APPEND BDCDATA.
ENDFORM.

15. 建立Batch Input程序 Display mode Update Mode “调用事务
CALL TRANSACTION <transaction code>
USING <BDCDATA table>
MODE <display mode>
UPDATE <update mode>
MESSAGE INTO <message table> .
Display mode
A - Display all (Default)
E - Display only error
N - No Display
Update Mode
S - Continue processing when update is completed ( synchronous )
A - Continue processing immediately

16. SAP R/3 ABAP/4画面程序设计概要

17. 1、进入T-Code:SE80（SE38也可以，但略有不同）
2、在“程序”栏输入程序名称，然后单击“显示”按钮
3、程序的名称一般为SAPMZxxx，‘xxx’为任意字符串

18. 1、如果指定的程序不存在，将会有对话框弹出，询问是否需要创建新程序，请选择“是”
2、如果指定的程序已经存在，将自动转到对象浏览器部分

19. 1、确定选上“带 TOP INCL”的复选框后，单击“√”按钮继续
2、该复选框是用来自动创建一个包含（INCLUDE类型）的程序，我们一般将数据声明部分放在该程序中

20. 确认包含程序的名称后，单击“√”继续（这里程序名称一般无需改动）

21. 1、主程序属性设置，一般我们只需要设置以下三个内容：
标题：程序功能描述或其它等等
类型：M（缺省值），Module类型
应用：一般为Z，声明程序为用户自定义程序
2、程序属性设置完成后，按保存按钮保存

22. 1、在对象目录条目创建画面里，指定“开发类别”以用于传输属性的设置
2、如果用于测试目的，不需要传输的程序，可以指定为本地对象

23. Screen and Screen Object
Title bar
Text field
Input/output field
Status icon
Box
Radio button and checkbox
Pushbutton
GUI statuses
List
Selection screen
Subscreen
Tabstrip control
Table control

24. Screen
Pushbutton
Title bar
Selection screen
List
GUI status
Text field
Input/Output field
Status icon
Table control
Tabstrip control
Subscreen
Group box
Radio button and checkbox

25. A container for further
Screen Object: Screen
A container for further
screen object

26. Defining and Managing Screens
Screen Objects
Screen
_ _ _ _
Text field
Screen Attributes
. . .
Flow Logic
PBO.
. . .
PAI.
Title
Box

27. Screen: Attributes

28. Dynamic Next Screen: Overview
SET SCREEN
CALL SCREEN

29. Setting the Next Screen Dynamically
Screen Attributes
Screen Attributes
Screen number
100
Screen number
300
Next screen
200
Next screen
400
PBO
PAI
PBO
PAI
400
MODULE ...
SET SCREEN 300.
LEAVE SCREEN.
ENDMODULE.

30. Inserting a Sequence of Screens Dynamically
Screen Attributes
Screen Attributes
Screen number
100
Screen number
300
Next screen
200
Next screen
301
PBO
PAI
PBO
PAI
MODULE ...
MODULE ...
SET SCREEN 0.
LEAVE SCREEN.
ENDMODULE.
Call SCREEN 300. ….
ENDMODULE.

31. Calling a Dialog Box Dynamically
Screen 101
MODULE ok_code INPUT.
…..
CALL SCREEN 101
STARING AT x1 y1. ……
ENDMODULE.
100
101 .
Screen Attributes
MODULE ok_code INPUT.
…..
CALL SCREEN 101
STARING AT x1 y1
ENDING AT x2 y2. ……
ENDMODULE.
Modal dialog box .
Next screen 101
101
100

32. Setting the Cursor Position Dynamically
SET CURSOR
FIELD f
OFFECT o.
Screen
Painter
PROCESS BEFORE OUTPUT.
MODULE set_cursor.
Airline LH
ABAP
Flight number ?
MODULE set_cursor OUTPUT.
sflight-carrid = 'LH'.
Flight date ?
SET CURSOR
FIELD sdyn conn-connid.
...
ENDMODULE.

33. Screen
Pushbutton
Title bar
Selection screen
List
GUI status
Text field
Input/Output field
Status icon
Table control
Tabstrip control
Subscreen
Group box
Radio button and checkbox

34. Screen Object: Title Bar
Flight Connections
Airline LH To
0400
0402
Frankfurt
New
2407
Berlin
San
From
Flight No
Window titles

35. Creating and Using Title Bars
ABAP
SET TITLEBAR ‘TITLE_SCREEN_100’.
Create Object
Title TITLE_SCREEN_100 does not exits.
Do you want to create the object ?
Double-click
Yes No
Cancel
Create Title
XXXX
Program
Title code
TITLE_SCREEN_100
Title
Flight Connections
Save
Cancel

36. Screen
Pushbutton
Title bar
Selection screen
List
GUI status
Text field
Input/Output field
Status icon
Table control
Tabstrip control
Subscreen
Group box
Radio button and checkbox

37. Screen Object: Text Field
Airline
Flight number
Booking date
Booking number
Displaying static texts

38. Creating Text Fields ... Screen Painter ABAP Dictionary Data Element
Fullscreen Editor
Directly_entered_text
Much_longer_text
ABAP Dictionary
Data Element
...
Texts
Field name
Short
Text
Medium
Longer text
Long
Much longer text

39. Screen
Pushbutton
Title bar
Selection screen
List
GUI status
Text field
Input/Output field
Status icon
Table control
Tabstrip control
Subscreen
Group box
Radio button and checkbox

40. Screen Object: Input/Output Field
Displaying and receiving data at the frontend
Automatic field input checks
Data consistency checks (foreign key)
Possible values help LH
ABAP
PROGRAM sapmzxxx.
...

41. Input/Output Field：Attributes
General
Object name
Object text
Icon display
- Icon name
- Quick info
Start position
Size
- Static
- Dynamic
Scrollable
Modif. groups
Dictionary
Data format
Memory ID
- ID
- SET attribute
- GET attribute
Foreign key check
From Dictionary
Conversion exit
Matchcode
Upper-/lowercase
active
Program
Dialog properties
- Input field
- Output field
- Output only
- Required field
Possible entries
- with or without
- P. entries button
Output options
- right-justified
- leading zeros
Input options
- *input possible
- without reset
- without template
Display
Fixed font
Intensified
Invisible
2-dimensional

42. Creating Input/Output Fields
Fullscreen Editor
Screen Painter
ABAP Dictionary
Table:
SDYN_CONN
Field name
Type
Length
CHAR 3
CARRID
CONNID
NUMC 4
Object Attributes
HUGO
Object name
defLg 8
Data format
CHAR
**************************
INCLUDE MZxxxTOP *
**************************
TABLES
sdyn_conn
DATA
hugo(8) TYPE c
. . .

43. Hiding a Field Dynamically
Display/Change
This field is always
displayed.
This field can be
hidden.
This text is always
Text field name: textfield1

44. Dynamically Modifiable Attributes
SCREEN-NAME
Object Name
SCREEN-GROUP1
SCREEN-GROUP2
SCREEN-GROUP3
SCREEN-GROUP4
Modification group 1
Modification group 2
Modification group 3
Modification group 4
SCREEN-REQUIRED
SCREEN-INPUT
SCREEN-OUTPUT
SCREEN-INTENSIFIED
SCREEN-INVISIBLE
SCREEN-LENGTH
SCREEN-ACTIVE
SCREEN-DISPLAY 3D
SCREEN-VALUE HELP
SCREEN-REQUEST
Required entry
Ready for input
Ready for output
Intensified
Invisible
Object length
Active object
Display object in 3D
Field with value help
Input exists (only in PAI)

45. Object Attributes: Modification Groups
Screen
Painter
Object name
SDYN_CONN-CONNID
SDYN_CONN -CITYFROM
SDYN_CONN -CITYTO
...
Gr1
SEL
Gr2
Gr3
Gr4 ...
Object list: Modification groups

46. Dynamic Screen Modifications: Program
painter
PROCESS BEFORE OUTPUT. .
MODULE modify_screen.
ABAP
MODULE modify_screen OUTPUT.
…...
LOOP AT SCREEN.
IF screen-name = ‘FEILD1’.
Screen-invisible = 1.
ENDIF.
IF screen-group1 = ‘SEL’.
Screen-input = 1.
MODIFY SCREEN.
ENDLOOP.
ENDMODULE.

47. Input/Output Fields: Default Values in SAP Memory
Transaction 1
Transaction 2
SAP memory
Set parameter
Get parameter
Airline
Flight no. LH
0400 .
CAR LH
CON 0400 1 2

48. Defining SET/GET Parameter Attributes
ABAP
Dictionary
Data element
Data element
S_CARR_ID .
Parameter ID
CAR
Carrier ID
Screen
Painter
List of General Object Attributes
SPA
GPA
PID
SPFLI-CARRID X X
CAR .
SPFLI-CONNID X X
CON

49. Input/Output Fields: Automatic Field Input Checks (Review)
DEC
INT4
DATS
CLNT
...
Required entry check
Field format check
Fixed values
Foreign key check
Domain: Fixed values
Field: Check table ?

50. Programming Field Input Checks with an Error Dialog
Screen
Painter
ABAP
PROCESS AFTER INPUT.
FIELD screen-field
MODULE check_inp.
MODULE check_inp INPUT. .
MESSAGE E…….
ENDMODULE. 1 1 1
E ? message 1
Ready for input again

51. Checking Groups of Fields
Screen
Painter
ABAP
PROCESS AFTER INPUT.
CHAIN.
FIELD: screen-field1,
screen-field2.
MODULE check_inp.
ENDCHAIN.
MODULE check_inp INPUT. .
MESSAGE E…….
ENDMODULE. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
E ? message
Ready for input again

52. Dialog Message Categories
Termination
Program Call
Screen 100
A message
X message
Error
Warning
Information
Screen 100
I message
Screen 200
Success
Screen 100
Screen 100
Screen 200
E message
W message
There are six different categories of message:
A Termination The processing terminates and the user must
restart the transaction.
X Exit Like message type A, but with short dump
MESSAGE_TYPE_X.
E Error Processing is interrupted, and the user must
correct the entry.
W Warning Processing is interrupted, and the user may
correct the entry. He or she may also,
however, confirm the message (ENTER) as
though it were an information message.
I Information Processing is interrupted, but continues when
the user has confirmed the message
(pressed ENTER).
S Success An information message, displayed on the
next screen
Screen 100
Screen 100
S message

53. Calling Modules Conditionally (1)
Screen
Painter
PROCESS AFTER INPUT.
FIELD <screen-field>
MODULE <module> ON INPUT.
…...
Called when
field contains
a non-initial
value
Screen
Painter
PROCESS AFTER INPUT.
CHAIN.
FIELD: <screen-field1>,
<screen-field2>, .
MODULE <module> ON CHAIN-INPUT.
ENDCHAIN.
…...

54. Calling Modules Conditionally (2)
Screen
Painter
PROCESS AFTER INPUT.
FIELD <screen-field>
MODULE <module> ON REQUEST.
…...
Called when
Screen field
contains have
changed
Screen
Painter
PROCESS AFTER INPUT.
CHAIN.
FIELD: <screen-field1>,
<screen-field2>, .
MODULE <module> ON CHAIN-REQUEST.
ENDCHAIN.
…...

55. Screen
Pushbutton
Title bar
Selection screen
List
GUI status
Text field
Input/Output field
Status icon
Table control
Tabstrip control
Subscreen
Group box
Radio button and checkbox

56. Screen Object: Status Icons
Occupancy for flight
Flight date
Occ.
0400 LH
Displaying Icons

57. Creating Status Icon Fields
Screen Painter
Fullscreen Editon
Flight date
Occupancy
Object Attributes
Object name
iconfield1
defLg 33
visLg
>2
Data format
CHAR
ABAP
******************************
* INCLUDE MZXXXTOP
DATA: iconfield1 like icons-text .
…...

58. Filling Status Icon Fields
Screen
Painter
PBO.
Icon List
MODULE set_icon.
. . .
Icon
Name
100
ABAP
Icon_ok
MODULE set_icon.
…………
CALL FUNCTION ‘ICON_CREATE’
EXPORTING
name = ‘ICON_RED_LIGHT
text = ‘ ‘
IMPORT
result = iconfield1
EXCEPTIONS
icon_not_found = 1 ……
ENDMODULE.
Icon_cancel
Icon_red_light . . .
Flight date
Occupancy
100

59. Screen
Pushbutton
Title bar
Selection screen
List
GUI status
Text field
Input/Output field
Status icon
Table control
Tabstrip control
Subscreen
Group box
Radio button and checkbox

60. Screen Object: Group Boxes
Graphical element
Group box header
Field group
Field 1
Field 2
Field 3
Group box

61. Create Group Box

62. Screen
Pushbutton
Title bar
Selection screen
List
GUI status
Text field
Input/Output field
Status icon
Table control
Tabstrip control
Subscreen
Group box
Radio button and checkbox

63. Screen Object: Radio Buttons and Checkboxes
User-input by mouse-
click
Radio button group
Option 1
Option 2
Option 3
Checkboxes X
Option 1 X
Option 2
Group box
Option 3

64. Creating a Radio Button Group
Screen Painter
Fullscreen Editor 2 1
Option1
Option2
Object Attributes
Option3
Object name
radio1
Object text
Option1
Data format
CHAR 1
Create radio button 2
Define radio button group
ABAP
*****************************
* INCLUDE MZxxxTOP
DATA: radio1(1) TYPE c.
………...

65. Creating a Checkbox X Screen Painter ABAP
Fullscreen Editor X
Option1
Option2
Object Attributes
Option3
Object name
check1
Object text
Option1
Data format
CHAR
ABAP
*****************************
* INCLUDE MZxxxTOP
DATA: check1(1) TYPE c.
………...