1. 8th Exam Outline

2. Reconstruction Amendments: 13th, 14th, 15th
13th Amendment: Freed the Slaves
Finished what was outlined in the Emancipation Proclamation
Leads to bitterness in the South
14th Amendment: Civil Rights and Citizenship Amendment
Citizenship for anyone born in the country (used for anchor babies today, which was not an intended consequence)
“Equal Protection under the Law” Everyone gets the same rights and should be treated equally
15th Amendment: Gave the right to vote to male citizens
Led to more African Americans in government positions
Rise of the KKK to stop the vote
Women still could not vote

3. Reconstruction Plans
Lincoln’s Plan: Wanted to forgive the Confederacy and make the reunification simple so tired southern soldiers would want to end the world
The States themselves would rebuild, not the federal government
If 10% of each southern state’s population swore an oath of allegiance to the Union, they could rejoin the United States
Lincoln promised pardons for Confederate soldiers except for high ranking officers
Lincoln promised protection of Southern property (not slaves)
Lincoln’s death ended his plan

4. Johnson’s Plan (Presidential Reconstruction)
Had no real plan for incorporating freed slaves into the Political and social landscape of the South
Wanted African Americans to just return to plantations and farms
Allowed the implementation of Black Codes
Black Codes- Laws passed in the South that were discriminatory towards African Americans
Ku Klux Klan- Terrorist organization that would stop African Americans from voting, attempted to keep political control in the hands of White Southerners
Carpetbagger- Northerners that would travel South to either help rebuild or take the chaos of the region as an opportunity
Scalawag- Southerners that cooperated with the Northern governments
Reconstruction Act- Divided the South into 5 military districts under Martial law: vetoed by Johnson, Congress outvoted the veto

5. Radical Reconstruction (Congressional Reconstruction)
The South was divided up into military districts controlled by soldiers
Wanted equal rights and land ownership for African Americans
Over 2000 African Americans won elections to public office due to the policies outlined in Congressional Reconstruction
Led to violence and resentment by White Southerners who felt they may be pushed out of having a say in government
Vocab: Black Codes- laws passed to discriminate against African Americans
Freedmen’s Bureau- Organization set up to give land, educate and help work towards equality for newly freed slaves
Veto- A no vote on a law by the President
Martial Law: The military taking over the governing of an area