1. Earth, Moon & Sun
Seasons & Tides

2. Essential Standards
6.E.1Understand the earth/moon/sun system, and the properties, structures and predictable motions of celestial bodies in the Universe.

3. Clarifying Objectives
6.E.1.1 Explain how the relative motion and relative position of the sun, Earth and moon affect the seasons, tides, phases of the moon, and eclipses.

4. Essential Questions Why do we have seasons?
How does gravitational pull & location of the sun, moon & Earth affect the ocean tides?

5. Earth’s Seasons The Earth has 4 seasons
Summer
Winter
Autumn
Spring
THE EARTH HAS SEASONS BECAUSE OF ITS TILT ON ITS AXIS
The Earth is tilted at 23.5 degrees

6. Northern Hemisphere vs. Southern Hemisphere
Northern Hemisphere is the part of the Earth that is above the Equator
The Southern Hemisphere is the part of the Earth that is below the Equator

7. Northern Hemisphere vs. Southern Hemisphere
The closer you are to the Equator the less you will see season changes
The farther you are (North & South Pole) the more you will notice season changes

8. Seasons are Opposite
Seasons are opposites in the Northern & Southern Hemispheres
The opposite seasons are
Summer/
Spring/Autumn (Fall)

9. Direct Sunlight vs. Indirect Sunlight
When a place on the Earth is receiving DIRECT SUNLIGHT it will be warmer meaning it will be SUMMER
When a place on the Earth is receiving INDIRECT SUNLIGHT it will be colder meaning it will be WINTER
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10. Seasons are Opposite
For example if it is summer above the equator (Northern Hemisphere) it will be winter below the equator (Southern Hemisphere)
Another example Autumn (Fall) above the equator/Spring below the equator

11. Why Do We Have Seasons
Seasons exist because EARTH IS TILTED on it’s AXIS
The TILT on the Earth’s AXIS allows different parts of the Earth to receive more DIRECT sunlight
This allows the sun to hit at DIFFERENT ANGLES of the WORLD
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12. Seasons Model http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=85jkZE2_oNg
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13. Essential Question?? Get with a partner or group and answer…
Why do we have seasons?

14. Earth’s Tides
A TIDE is a rising and falling of the sea that happens 2 times per day
There are 2 types of tides
High Tide
Low Tide

15. Location of the Moon & Earth
Tides depend on the location of the moon & Earth
When the moon is directly over North America it will have High Tide
When the moon is directly on the opposite side of North America it will be low tide

16. High Tide High tide happens twice a day
It happens when the moon is directly above that spot on the earth
It also happens when the moon is directly below that spot on the earth

17. Low Tide Low tide happens twice a day
It happens when the spot being observed is at right angles to the moon

18. What Causes Tides? Tides are caused by Moons Gravitational Force
Inertial Force

19. Gravitational Force Pulls
Gravitational pull from the Moon causes water to rise above the land mass
This is called an ordinary High Tide
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20. Inertial Force
Inertial Force causes the second high tide on the back side of the moon
This is called a Counter High Tide
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21. Essential Question Please get with a partner and answer….
How does gravitational pull & location of the sun, moon & Earth affect the ocean tides?

22. EOG Questions Why does Earth have different seasons?
A) because of the distance between Earth and the sun
B) because of the speed of Earth as it rotates on its axis
C) because of the amount of light blocked by the moon on its axis
D) because of the tilt of Earth on its axis as it moves around the sun

23. Important Points
Seasons occur because the Earth is TILTED on it’s AXIS
Seasons are opposite from North to South of the equator
Tides are when the ocean rises and falls
High Tide & Low Tide happens 2 times per day each
Ordinary Tides happen because of the Gravitational Force of the moon
Counter High Tides happen because of Inertial Force
If a tide is not in High tide it is in Low Tide
Tides depend on the position of the MOON & EARTH