1. Ancient Egypt
8.2.3

2. . . . Nile River Mediterranean Sea Nile Delta Giza LE Red Sea UE AswanLN
Sahara Desert
Nile River . UN
Eastern Desert
Blue Nile
White Nile
Khartoum

3. 4 Geographic Regions of Anc. Egypt
1. The Nile- makes life possible
Longest river in the world
Main means of travel
Flows from S to N
Winds blow from the N
Important source of food
Water for bathing & drinking
Crucial for farming

4. 4 Geographic Regions of Anc. Egypt
2. The floodplain- low strip of fertile land on either side of the Nile river
Flooded yearly
Most settlements located in the highest part
Most farming happened here
Agricultural year began in Sept. or Oct.
Emmer, barley, & flax
Cattle and poultry

5. 4 Geographic Regions of Anc. Egypt
3. The Low Desert- strip of higher land on either side of the floodplain, not watered by the nile.
Little vegetation, could not be farmed
Used for hunting antelope, hares, & lions
Before tombs, this is where bodies were buried

6. 4 Geographic Regions of Anc. Egypt
4. High Desert- barren area beyond the low desert
Crossed only by trade caravans or groups searching for stone or minerals
Calcite, gold, copper, amethyst, carnelian, & diorite
Several oases located here grew dates & grapes
Links in trade and used to house prisoners

7. The Geography of the Nile
“Egypt is the gift of the Nile.”
World’s longest river

8. Sources of the Nile The Nile has 2 sources.
The Blue Nile and the White Nile
Today the city of Khartoum sits where the rivers meet
The city of Aswan sits at the tip of the ‘S’
Aswan
Khartoum

9. Ancient Nubia
Ancient Nubia made up the area along the Nile between Khartoum and Aswan
The Nile has 6 rock-filled rapids called cataracts.
Lower Nubia
Upper Nubia

10. Upper Nubia Lies between the 2nd & 6th cataracts South of Lower Nubia
Does get rainfall, so farming took place in the spring and fall
Only a narrow strip of farmable land

11. Lower Nubia Lies between the 1st & 2nd
Desert and mountains line the river
There is very little farmable land and it barely rained

12. Ancient Egypt From Aswan to the Mediterranean Sea
is the area that made up Ancient Egypt
Ancient Egypt
Aswan

13. Upper Egypt Lower Egypt Upper Egypt Aswan
Fertile strip of land about 6 miles on each side of the Nile
Stretches from Aswan to the Nile delta
Lower Egypt
The area around the Nile Delta
Delta- a marshy, fertile area where a river splits into several streams and flows into a larger body of water.
Mediterranean Sea
Lower Egypt
Upper Egypt
Aswan

14. Gifts of the Nile Each spring the Nile floods
Silt is washed down from the highlands
Silt- rich, fertile soil deposited by a flooding river
This silt made the land ideal for farming
The Egyptians praised Hapi, the god of the Nile

15. Black Land & Red Land Black land- the fertile land left by the flood
This land was essential to the existence of the Egyptians
Red land- the dry, hot deserts beyond the flood area
Made up of the Sahara & Eastern Deserts
Protected the Egyptians and Nubians from foreign attacks

16. Civilizations Along the Nile
Egyptian communities developed around 4000 B.C.
Homes were
built with straw
or mud bricks
Early Egyptians
farmed
Early Nubians
hunted & fished

17. The Growth of Trade The Nile river served as a highway for trade
They could travel upstream & downstream to trade.
The Mediterranean Sea & Red Sea also provided valuable trade routes
The Cataracts made water
through Nubia impossible
so land routes were made

19. Egyptian Religion
Chapter 3, Lesson 3

20. How would you move it?
Imagine that you have to move a huge stone (5,000 lbs).
You have no machines, trucks, elevators, cranes, or forklifts.
The stone has to be moved without anything powered by an engine.

21. Egyptian Religion Religion in Daily Life Belief in an Afterlife
Pyramids

22. Religion in Daily Life Explained nature
Gods controlled weather, death, sickness
Different areas of Egypt believed in different gods
West was the world of the dead

23. Belief in Afterlife Spirits of the dead went to a pleasant afterlife
If bodies were preserved, the spirit would make it to afterlife
Mummies were buried with items for the afterlife

24. Pyramids Created tombs for pharaohs Could take 20 years to build
Barges carried stones for pyramids
No wheels, so sleds, rollers, & levers were used