1. Egyptian Achievements
Ch. 4, S4 p

2. Egyptian Writing: What is the name of the Egyptian’s writing system?
In addition to this writing system, what was another of the world’s first writing systems?
Circa what year are the earliest known examples of Egyptian writing from?
What were the early Egyptian writings ”written” on?
What did Egyptians learn to make that was long-lasting that they could write on? What was it made of? How was it made?
How did Egyptians transport their writing?
What would they write with on their paper?
Hieroglyphics
Cuneiform
C BC
Carved in stone or other hard material
Papyrus; Reeds; Pressing layers of reeds together and pounding them into sheets
Scrolls
Brushes and ink

3. How many symbols did Egyptian writing have?
What were they mostly of? Why do you think this is so?
What did each symbol represent in the Egyptian language?
What directions could hieroglyphs be written? What directions could they be read?
How would Egyptians know which way to read a word?
More that 600
Pictures of objects; nouns easier to draw
One or more sounds
Horizontally or vertically; right to left or left to right or top to bottom
They had to look at the individual symbols

5. What year did explorers discover the key to deciphering hieroglyphs
Rosetta Stone
What year did explorers discover the key to deciphering hieroglyphs
What nation was the discoverer of the key from?
What was this key called?
How is it different that a key you might use everyday?
How is it similar to a key you might use everyday?
What three languages are writing on the Rosetta Sone?
What did having three languages on the stone do for scholars? Why did it do this?
1799
France
Rosetta Stone
Not a key that slips in locks to open them
Does unlock something-in this case-information
Hieroglyphics, Greek, and a later form of Egyptian-yes, it helped them because it repeated the text and so scholars who already knew how to read one of the languages could use that to help them figure out the hieroglyphics

6. The Rosetta Stone is housed today in the British Museum

7. Egyptian Texts What happened to papyrus in Egypt’s dry climate?
What was the effect of this?
What are some examples of Egyptian texts that still exist today?
Reading Check p. 109: How is our writing system similar to hieroglyphics?
Did not decay
Historians today can read Egyptian’s writing
Govt. records, historical records, science texts, medical manuals, and literary works
Reading Check p. 109: Letters stand for sounds

8. Egyptian medical tools

9. Egypt’s Great Temples
Besides their writing system, what else are Egyptians famous for today?
Besides pyramids, what other building structures are Egyptians known for?
What did Egyptians believe their temples were?
Why did people visit temples?
What is an imaginary creature with the body of a lion and the head of other animals or humans called? Where might you find them?
What is a tall, four-sided pillar that is pointed on top called?
Were the insides of temples fancy or plain? Explain.
What is the most sacred part of the temple called, and where was it located?
True or False: There was only one temple built in ancient Egypt. Explain.
Reading Check: What were some features of Egyptian temples?
Architecture
Temples
Homes of the gods
To worship, offer the gods gifts, and ask for favors
Sphinx; lining paths and entrances to temples
Obelisk (AH-buh-lisk)
Fancy-lavish: huge columns, paintings, hieroglyphics, statues
The sancturary, the far end of the temple
False-many had them: Ramses the Great-Abu Simbel and Luxor,
Reading Check: Blend answer, use descriptors from text.

10. Egyptian Art
Ancient Egyptians were masterful artists. Many of their greatest works were created to fill what?
Why did the Egyptians take great care in making their pieces of artwork?
What are two adjectives used to describe Egyptian paintings?
What were some materials Egyptian artists would paint on?
Who saw Egyptian artwork the most? Why?
What were some of the subjects addressed in Egyptian artwork?
What was distinctive about Egyptian artwork’s style and size?
Besides painting, what other art forms would Egyptians practice?
What happened to most Egyptian tombs over the years?
What famous tomb was not found until 1922?
What was this tomb filled with?
What did this tomb teach historians?
Reading Check p. 113: What types of artwork were contained in Egyptian tombs?
The tombs of pharaohs and other nobles.
They believed the dead could enjoy them in the afterlife.
Lively and colorful
Canvas, papyrus, pottery, plaster, and wood
Kings, priests, and important people because they were the only ones who could enter the tombs
Historical events like crowning of kings and the founding of temples, major religious rituals, scenes from everyday life like farming or hunting
Very distinctive-heads and legs seen from side, hips, upper bodies, shoulders seen from front, eye from front; Important people and figures like pharaohs and gods larger than conquered people; animals usually realistic
Stonework like carvings and statues, beautiful jewelry from gold and precious stones-both men and women, gold used for burial items
Treasure hunters emptied them
King Tutankhamen or King Tut
Treasures, like boxes of jewelry, robes, a burial mask, ivory statues
King Tut’s treasures have taught us much about Egyptian burial practices and beliefs.
R.C. pg. 113: Paintings, carvings, statues, jewelry, clothing, burial masks, and ivory statuettes