1. carbon dioxide + water glucose + oxygen
EQUATION #1
carbon dioxide + water glucose + oxygen
EQUATION #2
glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide + water
WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EQUATION #1 AND EQUATION #2???

2. EQUATION #1 IS PHOTOSYNTHESIS
carbon dioxide + water light glucose + oxygen
6CO2 + 6H20 C6H12O6 + 6O2
*** Photosynthesis takes place in autotrophs like plants. It occurs in the chloroplast.

3. C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H20 + ATP EQUATION #2 IS CELLULAR RESPIRATION
glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide + water + energy
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H20 + ATP
Cellular respiration takes place in the mitochondria. It is the process that releases the energy that is stored in glucose. This is the energy that originally came from the sun and was stored in the form of glucose during photosynthesis.
(produced during photosynthesis)

4. Cellular Respiration
Chapter 9

5. Chemical Energy and Food:
Food provides living things with the chemical building blocks needed for growth and reproduction. Most importantly, food serves as a source of energy.
Chemical Energy and Food:
1 gram of sugar (glucose) when burned in the presence of oxygen, releases 3,811 calories of heat energy.
A calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius.
A Calorie that is used on food labels is a kilocalorie, or 1000 calories.

8. Glycolysis
“Glyco” – glucose
“lysis” - splitting

9. Following Glycolysis NO Oxygen Present
Fermentation: anaerobic – does not require oxygen
Alcoholic Fermentation:
pyruvic acid + NADH alcohol + CO2 + NAD+
Lactic Acid Fermentation:
pyruvic acid + NADH lactic acid + NAD+

10. - Lactic Acid is produced in your muscles during rapid exercise when your body cannot supply enough oxygen to your muscle tissues. Lactic acid is what makes your muscles sore.
- Prokaryotes use this and make cheese, yogurt, and sour cream.

13. Kreb's Cycle:
known as the citric acid cycle because citric acid is produced as an intermediate
pyruvic acid from glycolysis is used to make CO2, NADH, ATP, and FADH
takes place in the mitochondria

14. The ETC uses high energy electrons provided by NADH and FADH2 (produced in the Kreb’s Cylce) to convert ADP into ATP.

15. The Totals:
Cellular Respiration produces 36 ATP or about 38% of the total energy available in glucose.
--- the cell is actually more efficient than your automobile
The remaining 62% of the energy from the glucose is released as heat. This is one of the reasons why your body feels warmer after vigorous exercise.