1. Topic 1: Classification of Matter

2. Review: What is matter?
Matter is anything that has volume (takes up space) and mass (made of particles)
Matter is converted into energy, and vice versa
Everything in the universe is made of either matter or energy!

3. Pure Substance: matter with uniform and definite composition
Element: substance where all the atoms are alike
90 elements found in nature; >20 made in labs
Ex: Iron, Gold
All are listed on the Periodic Table of Elements!
Compound: substance where two or more elements are combined in a fixed proportion. Can only be separated by a chemical reaction.
Ex: water, hydrochloric acid, salt
All will have a chemical formula and name
Water = Dihydrogen monoxide (H2O)
Salt = Sodium chloride (NaCl)

4. Mixtures
Mixture: material made up of 2 or more substances that can be easily separated by physical means

5. Different materials can be easily seen, particles are different sizes
Heterogeneous
Different materials can be easily seen, particles are different sizes
Ex: Pizza, vegetable soup
Specific Types:
Suspension: Italian salad dressing
Colloid: whipped cream

6. Homogeneous Mixture
2 or more different materials are mixed evenly throughout, you can’t see the different particles
Ex: Coca-cola, vinegar
Specific Type:
Solution –particles so small they cannot be seen with a microscope and will never settle out.

7. Ways to Separate Mixtures
Filtration
Separates: heterogeneous mixtures
Ex: draining pasta
Chromatography
Separates: complex homogeneous mixtures
Ex: parts of ink

8. Ways to Separate Mixtures
3. Distillation
Separates: homogeneous liquids
Ex: purifying water
4. Evaporation
Separates: solutions
Ex: obtaining salt from saltwater

9. Practice!
Classify the following as an:
Element
Compound
Heterogeneous Mixture
Homogeneous Mixture

10. Carbon (C) Classify: Element Compound Homogeneous Mixture
Heterogeneous Mixture
Carbon (C)

11. Kool-Aid Classify: Element Compound Homogeneous Mixture
Heterogeneous Mixture

12. Spaghetti & Meatballs Classify: Element Compound Homogeneous Mixture
Heterogeneous Mixture

13. Magnesium Iodide (MgI2)
Classify:
Element
Compound
Homogeneous Mixture
Heterogeneous Mixture
Magnesium Iodide (MgI2)

14. Air Classify: Element Compound Homogeneous Mixture
Heterogeneous Mixture
Air

15. Bringing it all together!
Matter
Substance
Mixture
Element
Compound
Heterogeneous
Homogeneous
Suspension
Solution Na
NaCl
Italian salad dressing
Sugar water