1. Physical & Chemical Properties and Changes
Messana

2. BIG IDEA:
Every element on the Periodic Table has it’s own set of physical & chemical properties, that is what makes their “personalities” unique!!!

3. Property Is a description of an object
If struck by lighting, the tree could catch FIRE (BURN)
Is a description of an object
The tree is GREEN
The tree is TALL

4. What is a Physical Property?
A characteristic of an element or substance that can be observed or measured without changing its identity or its structure
Use your 5 senses OR scientific measurements to describe or measure…

5. Physical Properties five senses description
Are determined by the use of the
They are a of an object.
senses
description

6. Examples of Physical Properties
1) Color
2) Smell
3) Taste
4) Hardness
5) State of Matter
6) Boiling, Freezing, or Melting Point

7. Examples of Physical Properties
7) Density
8) Mass
9) Volume
10) Malleability (the ability to be molded)
11) Solubility (the ability to be dissolved)

8. What is a Physical Change?
A change that takes place without changing the identity or structure of the element or substance
EXAMPLES: (next slide also
Dissolving
Phase change (change between solid, liquid, or gas)
Changing shape

9. Examples of Physical Changes
1) Change in size, shape, or color
2) Pencil shavings
3) Torn Paper
4) Crushed ice
5) Sugar dissolved in water
6) Painting a wall

10. VOCABULARY for INQUIRY STATIONS:
1) Solubility
2) Melting Point
3) Boiling Point
4) Magnetism
5) Conductivity
6) Malleability
7) Density
8) Specific Heat

11. LET’S VISIT SOME STATIONS! 
Directions: Please go to assigned station and using the STATION VOCAB please decide which PHYSICAL PROPERTY represents the station and complete your PHYSICAL PROPERTY CHART & QUESTIONS!
LET’S DO THIS LIL DARLINGS!! 

12. VOCABULARY: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES & Station Results
VOCABULARY: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES & Station Results! These are in the order of the STATIONS!! 

13. BOILING POINT The temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas.
Station # 1

14. SPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of heat or energy needed to raise 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius (1C).
Station # 2

15. DENSITY
Mass per volume of a material, or how much stuff is packed together in an area.
Station # 3

16. MELTING POINT The temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid.
Station # 4

17. CONDUCTIVTY
The ability of a material or substance that allows electricity or heat to flow through it easily. Most metals are good conductors.
Station # 5

18. The ability to be hammered, shaped, or rolled into thing sheets
The ability to be hammered, shaped, or rolled into thing sheets. Most metals are malleable.
Station # 6
Let’s not forget DUCTILITY!! (Cu)
MALLEABILITY

19. A measure of how much of a substance dissolves in a given amount of another substance.
Station # 7
SOLUBILITY

20. Solubility Side Note: Solvent = the substance that does the dissolving
Solute = the substance that dissolves
Insoluble = doesn’t dissolve

21. MAGNETISM
A force of attraction or repulsion that exists between like and unlike poles.
Station # 8

22. What is a Chemical Property?
A characteristic that gives a substance the ability to change into a new substance…BUT the chemical change has to be happening to see the chemical properties!

23. What is a Chemical Change?
A change that results in the production of a new substance and cannot be reversed.
EXAMPLES:
Burning
Rusting
Cooking

24. Evidence of a Chemical Change/Reaction:
1)Color changes – (color appears or disappears)
2)Temperature changes
3)Gas/gas bubbles produced
4)Fire/explosion
5)Precipitate is formed – a solid forms out of 2 liquids

25. Examples of Reactivity…
Metals Reacting to Being Burned
YES….screen is supposed to be BLACK for a few seconds 
Please WRITE DOWN the ELEMENT that creates the COLOR!!

26. VOCABULARY: EXAMPLES OF CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

27. CHEMICAL REACTIVITY
The ability of a material or substance to react with another material or substance and form something entirely new or different.

28. TOXICITY
The degree to which a chemical can harm an organism.

29. FLAMMABILITY
The ability of a material or substance to burn or start on fire easily.

30. REACTIVITY WITH OXYGEN
The ability of a material or substance (usually metals) to react with oxygen and cause them to rust, tarnish, or combust, spark or create a flame or light.

31. Explain the difference between a property and a change.
Property or Change?
THINK, GROUP, SHARE…
Explain the difference between a property and a change.

32. Physical or Chemical? THINK, GROUP, SHARE…
Explain how you know the difference between a physical change and chemical change?
What were those 5 helpful hints that I gave you to identify a chemical change?

33. What were the 5 Things that give you a hint that a chemical change/reaction has occurred?
Color changes – (color appears or disappears)
Temperature changes
Gas/gas bubbles produced
Fire/explosion/flame/light produced
Precipitate is formed – a solid forms out of 2 liquids

34. Labs to Examine Chemical Changes
Mini Labs & Demos
Labs to Examine Chemical Changes

35. Mini Lab 1:
Make your prediction based on the items you see the teacher has…
Watch closely…keep watching!
Write your observations
What was your “hint” that a chemical change occurred?

36. Mini Lab 1:
Prediction :
Cup 1 =_______________
Cup 2 =_______________
Cup 3 = ______________
What will happen when I pour:
Cup # 3 into Cup # 1________________________________________________
Cup # 2 into Cup # 1________________________________________________
Cup # 3 into Cup # 2________________________________________________

37. FRIENDLY REMINDERS!!
**Anyone sensitive to strong odors? Let me know if any of the odors are bothering you at any point during the labs today!
**Absolutely none of the lab chemicals should come in contact with your mouth, eyes, or be breathed deeply!!
GROUP 1 & 3 = SINK 1
GROUP 2 = SINK 6
GROUP 4 = SINK 5
GROUP 5 = SINK 2
GROUP 6 = SINK 4
GROUPS 7 & 8 = SINK 3
USE YOUR PLASTIC BIN TO CATCH ANY SPILLS, FOR EXAMPLE WHEN YOU POUR VINEGAR INTO YOUR GRADUATED CYLINDER DO IT OVER THE BIN!

38. Group Roles
Leader: Reads the directions for each lab, keeps group on task and following directions
Materials/Clean Up: collects, returns, cleans and disposes of materials
Data Discussion Leader: Ensures there is a conversation about each data table to share information.
Quality Management Officer: Ensures every student has detailed quality answers written in complete sentences using scientific language & turns their lab guide in!

39. Mini Lab 2:
Send your materials person to get a cup of milk and a cup of vinegar, and a stir stick
Pour the vinegar into the milk and stir it like you mean it!
Observe and record any changes that occur at this time.
Let this one sit on your table to see if there is any change by the time class ends.

40. Mini Lab 3:
Send your materials person up to pick up a ziploc bag with baking soda in it for each group
Use the graduated cylinder to measure about
40 mL of vinegar
Add the 40 mL of vinegar to the baking soda in the bag and SEAL THE BAG IMMEDIATELY…SEAL & FEEL BABY!! 
Observe and record any changes that occur.
Rinse your GRADUATED CYLINDER and throw away the ziplock bag ONCE YOU HAVE DUMPED THE CONTENTS DOWN THE DRAIN

41. pH.? ??

42. Mini Lab 4: EACH member of the group will come to get a test tube
Test Tube # 1 – Baking Soda
Test Tube # 2 – Vinegar
Test Tube # 3 – Lemon Juice
Test Tube # 4 – Ammonia
Use the eyedroppers to add an eyedropper full of the cabbage juice (purple liquid) to each test tube…DO THIS ONLY ONCE
Observe and record any changes that occur
Rinse your test tubes and return it to the test tube rack. Flush your pipettes with water. Rinse your bin & dry it! Clean up any spills at your group!

43. Mini Lab 5:
Send your materials person up to pick up a ziploc bag with DAMP RID in it for each group
Use the graduated cylinder to measure about
50 mL of WATER
Add the 50 mL of WATER to the DAMP RID in the bag and nowwwww..SEAL THE BAG IMMEDIATELY! SEAL & FEEL BABY!!!
1) Observe and record any changes that occur.

44. MINI-LAB 5 CONTINUED Now ADD a spoon full of BAKING SODA..
2) SEAL & FEEL….OBSERVE and RECORD your observations
3) Now I will come around and a dropper of ADD RED PHENOL…. WATCH & WOW ….OBSERVE and RECORD your observations
4) Please go to your designated SINK as a GROUP….SLOWLY turn on water and let it run into your baggy….WHATTTT?????  OBSERVE and RECORD your observations..LOVE THIS! 

45. Your lab station should be clean and your bin should contain all of the supplies it did when you started!
Clean, dry plastic bin
1 graduated cylinder
1 small beaker of cabbage juice
2 pipettes (eyedroppers)
Any/all CUPS used…cleaned!

46. Something to try at home 
Check for changes in Mini Lab 2 – then pour your “new” substance down the drain and throw the cups and stir stick in the trash.

47. Let’s Take a Look at the Lab…
Quality Management: Ensures every student has detailed quality answers written in complete sentences using scientific language & turns their lab guide in!
Stop using the word “it” – what is “it?” use the vocabulary/explain with detail!!!
SOME COMMON ERRORS:
The 2 liquids, the milk and the vinegar, formed a precipitate…instead of it precipitated/it was precipitating – what does that mean?
Is dissolving chemical or physical?

48. Let’s Take a Look at the Lab…
Question #2 on the back – some examples of good answers were:
In the beginning we didn’t know what would happen in Mini Lab 2, but it greatly displayed how this relationship between properties and changes because you had to mix the milk and vinegar together before their properties could react and cause them to form a precipitate which was the chemical change.
For experiment #4, we had to pour the cabbage juice into the mystery liquid to see it undergo the color change. The color couldn’t change without mixing the two liquids allowing you to see the chemical property through the chemical change.

49. Get your whiteboard, marker, and eraser ready!
White Board Review
Put your notes away
Get your whiteboard, marker, and eraser ready!

50. Explain the difference between a property and a change.
White Board Review
Explain the difference between a property and a change.

51. Answer:
Property: characteristic that can be observed, measured, described (this allows the change to occur)
Change: what takes place; the results
REMINDER…you MUST have a PROPERTY in order to have a CHANGE 
EX: Property = Flammability (the ability to create a flame)
Change = fire; burning

52. White Board Review
Explain how you know the difference between a physical change & a chemical change

53. ANSWER:
Physical Change – takes place without changing the identity, structure of composition of the substance
Chemical Change – results in production of a NEW SUBSTANCE being formed; can NOT be reversed!!
Ask yourself…..CAN IT GO BACK TO IT’S ORIGINAL IDENTITY?? 

54. White Board Review
List all 8 Physical Properties we discussed in class.
Think of the stations…in order!! THAT usually helps!! 

55. Physical Properties Boiling Point Specific Heat Density Melting Point
Conductivity
Malleability
Solubility
Magnetism

56. List all 4 Chemical Properties we discussed in class.
White Board Review
List all 4 Chemical Properties we discussed in class.

57. Chemical Properties Toxicity Flammability Chemical Reactivity
Reactivity with Oxygen

58. White Board Review
What were those 5 helpful hints that I gave you to identify a chemical change?

59. 5 things that tell you a chemical change/reaction has occurred(evidence):
Color changes – (color appears or disappears)
Temperature changes
Gas/gas bubbles produced
Fire/flame/light produced or explosion
Precipitate is formed – a solid or solid particles forms out of 2 liquids

60. Whiteboard Quiz – Physical or Chemical?
Number your whiteboard 1-10
Also place a small Check on your paper to keep score!! Be HONEST!

61. 1. Physical or Chemical?
Freezing water…

62. P

63. 2. Physical or Chemical? Rusting Metal….

64. C

65. 3. Physical or Chemical?
Chopping Wood…

66. P

67. 4. Physical or Chemical Digestion…..

68. C

69. 5. Physical or Chemical?
Dissolving salt in water…

70. P

71. 6. Physical Or Chemical? Rotting Bananas….

72. C

73. 7. Physical or Chemical? Cellular Respiration…..
Crumpled paper…

74. C

75. 8. Physical or Chemical?
Melting Gold…

76. P

77. 9. Physical or Chemical?
Burning Wood…

78. C

79. 10. Physical or Chemical?
Dying Easter eggs…

80. P

81. 11. Physical or Chemical? Photosynthesis….
Boiling Water…

82. C

83. 12. Physical or Chemical?
Frying chicken…

84. C

85. 13. Physical or Chemical?
Tarnish on the Statue of Liberty…

86. C

87. Whiteboard Quiz Part 2 – Which Property?
Number your whiteboard 1-10
You must get at least 8 correct to get a ticket..
be LIKE ABE…
HONEST!!

88. The temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas.
1. Which Property?
The temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas.

89. BOILING POINT

90. 2. Which Property?
Mass per volume of a material, or how much stuff is packed together in an area.

91. DENSITY

92. 3. Which Property?
The ability to be hammered, shaped, or rolled into thin sheets. Most metals have this quality.

93. MALLEABILITY

94. The ability to start on fire or to burn.
4. Which Property?
The ability to start on fire or to burn.

95. FLAMMABILITY

96. 5. Which Property?
The amount of heat or energy needed to raise 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius (1C).

97. SPECIFIC HEAT

98. 6. Which Property?
A measure of how much of a substance dissolves in a given amount of another substance.

99. SOLUBILITY

100. The temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid.
7. Which Property?
The temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid.

101. MELTING POINT

102. 8. Which Property?
The ability of a material or substance to react with another material or substance and form something entirely new or different.

103. CHEMICAL REACTIVITY

104. 9. Which Property?
The ability of a material or substance that allows electricity or heat to flow through it easily. Most metals have this property.

105. CONDUCTIVITY

106. The degree to which a chemical can harm an organism.
10. Which Property?
The degree to which a chemical can harm an organism.

107. TOXICITY

108. Whiteboard Quiz Part 3 – Which Property?
Number your whiteboard 1-5
You must write the vocabulary word that completes the definition
ONLY # 1 & # 5 are on the PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL QUIZ! 

109. 1. Vocabulary
A _____________ is when a solid, or solid particles form when two liquids are combined.

110. PRECIPITATE

111. The ______________ is the substance that GETS dissolved.
2. Vocabulary
The ______________ is the substance that GETS dissolved.

112. SOLUTE

113. The ______________ is the substance that does the dissolving.
3. Vocabulary
The ______________ is the substance that does the dissolving.

114. SOLVENT

115. If something does not dissolve it is known as ________________.
4. Vocabulary
If something does not dissolve it is known as ________________.

116. INSOLUBLE

117. 5. Vocabulary
Similar to malleability, the physical property of _____________ means that a material can be stretched into a wire.
BONUS!!!!!!!!! 

118. DUCTILITY

119. Fill in the video guide for a quiz grade!!
Mythbusters Episode
Fill in the video guide for a quiz grade!!

120. STUDY JAMS – Extra Review
Physical & Chemical Changes of Matter