1. 2.1 The Structure & Functions of Eukaryotic Cells

2. Learning Goals From this power point ( and using section 2
Learning Goals From this power point ( and using section 2.1 in the text) 1. compare prokaryotes and eukaryotes. 2. explain the following cell structures AND be able to identify them in plant and animal cell diagrams. nucleus (DNA, nucleolus) rough & smooth endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus (steps in protein excretion), lysosomes, peroxisomes, vacuoles, vesicles, chloroplasts, mitochondria, cell wall, cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, cell membrane (fluid mosaic model, phospholipids & membrane proteins)

3. Review: Defining a Cell
A cell is a confined system of potentially self perpetuating linked organic reactions that are catalyzed step-wise by enzymes.

4. Review: Principles of The Cell Theory
All living things are made of 1 or more cells
Smallest living unit of structure and function of all organisms is the cell
All cells arise from pre-existing cells
(this principle discarded the idea of
spontaneous generation)

5. Review: Characteristics of Living Cells
Very complex
Very small
Self-replicating
Autonomous/semiautonomous
Homeostatic

6. There are 2 Cell Types
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic

8. Prokaryotic Cells First cell type on earth (chemosynthetic)
All are single celled (ie Bacteria)

9. Prokaryotic Cells No membrane bound structures inside
Nucleoid instead of nucleus (region of DNA concentration).
Organelles not bound by membranes

10. Eukaryotic Cells Internal membrane bound organelles
Cytoplasm (cytosol, organelles + molecule & ions ) for metabolism
Cell Membrane (Phospholipid bilayer)
Can be Single or Multi-celled
Protozoan

11. Eukaryotic Animal Cell

12. Animal Cell Micrograph

13. Eukaryotic Plant Cell

14. Plant Cell Micrograph

15. Cytoplasm Viscous fluid containing organelles components of cytoplasm
Interconnected protein filaments & fibers
Fluid = cytosol
Organelles (not nucleus)
storage substances

16. Nucleus Control center of the cell Contains nucleoplasm
Wrapped by a nuclear envelope which is a double membrane.
Nuclear pore complexes form openings in nuclear envelope
Contains
Chromosomes (DNA)
Nucleolus

17. Nucleus Micrograph

18. Chromosomes (DNA) Hereditary material Chromosomes - DNA + proteins
Short, thick strands
form for cell division
Chromatin
long, thin strands
form for interphase
DNA is transcribed & translated into protein to express hereditary traits

19. Nucleolus Non-membrane bound Contains RNA & proteins
Most cells have 2 or more.
Directs synthesis of RNA
Forms ribosomes

20. End of Part 1!