1. Richard Nixon

2. Quiz Compare and contrast Nixon’s involvement in Argentina and Chile.
Give two examples of how Nixon tried to remove power from the Federal Government.
Name one influence that affected a decision of Nixon’s.
Do you think Nixon could be considered a successful President in spite of the Watergate scandal?

3. General Info - Ideology
Nixon was a right-wing conservative
Less government involvement - less spending
Slow to make changes
Tough - Law and Order Society, opposed civil rights progress
Self- serving and paranoid:
“He was never one to let principles stand in the way of politics”

4. General Info - Economy
The economy suffered horribly under Nixon - Stagflation
Inflation and unemployment
Huge deficit going into administration
Oil crisis - supported Yom Kippur War and lost suppliers

5. 1968 Election
The country was a mess - MLK, Robert Kennedy had been shot, Vietnam war - protests, riots
The economy was beginning to fall - first time since WWII
Nixon presented himself as iron-fisted - “Law and Order Society”
This made Nixon seem in control, and could restore a peaceful and orderly country

6. Environmental Quality Control
A Council on Environmental Quality met in 1970 to address environmental concerns.
Established Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
Clean Air Act, Noise control act, Marine Mammal protection act, Endangered Species act, Safe Drinking Water Act

7. War Powers Resolution
People were upset about Vietnam - felt that Johnson was too authoritative
War Powers Resolution reformatted the way the government declared war, now
President could take military action, but had to end that action after 90 days if not approved by congress

8. State and Local Assistance Act
Suburbanization caused financial problems in cities and states
Nixon granted aid to cities
More money to State and Local governments
More flexible aid - each government could decide their “high priorities”
This was greatly beneficial to local governments, but did not help the existing federal deficit

9. Indian Self-Determination and Educational Assistance Act
Native Americans had gained much recognition and respect
People compared the situation in Vietnam to American colonization
Civil Rights movements in the sixties included Native Americans
Self-Determination Act allowed Native American leaders to ask the federal government for money, and use it as they liked
This included federally supported, Native-American run schools for the first time

10. 1972 Presidential Campaign
“Aggressive campaigning” - Nixon was terrified of losing
He realized the mistakes of his Presidency, and wanted the people to elect him anyway - hadn’t accomplished much
Used “Dirty Tricks,” including false accusations, manipulating the Democratic race, and...

11. Watergate Timeline
June Burglars arrested, White house denies involvement
August First evidence of bribe
January James McCord and G. Gordon Liddy convicted
May Televised hearings begin
July Tapes discovered, Nixon refuses to release them
April Edited transcripts released
July Supreme Court mandates tapes must be released
August Nixon resigns

12. Chile and Pinochet Coup
Declassified documents revealed, Nixon and Henry Kissinger supported the Chilean military coup of Allende.
Kissinger urged Nixon to intervene and overthrow the Allende government, discussed “preemptive coup” only 8 days after the election.

13. Chile and Pinochet Coup
CIA ordered to “make the economy scream” to stop Allende’s rise to power.
US covert operations led to the assassination of Chilean Commander in Chief, Rene Schneider

14. Argentina Military Regime
Declassified documents once again revealed US support of military dictatorship in Argentina.
“If there are things that have to be done, you should do them quickly. But you must get back quickly to normal procedures.” - Kissinger to Cesar Augusto Guzzetti
Kissinger supported Argentina taking care of their “terrorist problem”

15. Ping Pong Diplomacy
US table tennis team invited to the People’s Republic of China in April 1971 for the world table tennis championship.
A year later, with intentions of repairing US China relations, Mao Zedong invites President Nixon to visit Beijing.
20 year embargo on China lifted.
China was invited to the US in April of 1972.

16. Quiz Compare and contrast Nixon’s involvement in Argentina and Chile.
Give two examples of how Nixon tried to remove power from the Federal Government.
Name one influence that affected a decision of Nixon’s.
Do you think Nixon could be considered a successful President in spite of the Watergate scandal?

17. Sources Cited
Fefferman, Arthur S "THE STATE AND LOCAL FISCAL ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1972." National Tax Journal 25, no. 3: Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost (accessed March 2, 2016).
Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Senate Committee on Public Works Report of the Council on Environmental Quality. Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Air and Water Pollution of the Committee on Public Works, 91st Congress, Second Session, August 11, n.p.: ERIC, EBSCOhost (accessed March 2, 2016)
Majerol, Veronica. "Watergate." New York Times Upfront, March 12, 2012, 144th ed., sec. 11. Accessed March 7, 2016.
Smith, Patricia. "Going to War: Who Decides?" New York Times Upfront, October 7, 2013, 146th ed. Accessed March 7, 2016.
Department of the Interior. Bureau of Indian Affairs No (1975) Amendment
Edmunds, R. David. "Native Americans, new voices: American Indian history, " American Historical Review 100, no. 3 (June 1995): 717. MasterFILE Premier, EBSCOhost (accessed March 7, 2016).
Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. “Richard Nixon: Domestic Affairs.” Accessed March 11,

18. Sources Cited
Dalle Valle, Laura. Nixon's Presidency. PowerPoint Presentation, Reagan IB High School.
Kornbluh, Peter. The Pinochet File: A Declassified Dossier on Atrocity and Accountability. New York: New Press, 2003.
Harmer, Tanya. "Fractious Allies: Chile, the United States, and the Cold War, " Diplomatic History. 37, no. 1 (January 2013): Accessed March 7, 2016.
Ibrahim Mamdouh Al-Sayed Fouda, “Ping Pong Diplomacy Between The United States of America and China”
Helms Telkon, phone call to Henry Kissinger, September 12, 1970
Helms Telkon, phone call to Henry Kissinger, September 16, 1973
Viron Vaky to Henry Kissinger, Chile --40 Commitee Meeting, September
Rey, Debora. "Kissinger Kill Plot Probe." Herald Sun, August 10, Accessed March 7, 2016.
Richards, Barney. "What About Kissinger?" The Dominion Post, October 9, 2001.