1. Essential Question – 9/12 or 9/13
How and why do people protest today?

2. The Reformation A movement for religious reform

3. What will we cover today?
Causes of the Reformation
Luther Challenges the Church
The Response to Luther
England Becomes Protestant

4. Causes of the Reformation
Renaissance emphasis on secular life and individuality challenged Roman Catholic Church.
Some rulers challenged Churches political power.
Wealthy merchants (in Europe) protested paying taxes to the church (in Rome)

5. Causes of the Reformation
Critics thought church leaders were corrupt
Many Popes lived extravagantly rich lives
Some Popes had children.

6. Luther Challenges the Church
Martin Luther took a stand against Johann Tetzel who sold indulgences.
Indulgences – buying a pardon for your sin.
Luther wrote 95 Theses, or statements against churches wrong doings.
Luther’s actions caused the Reformation which led to Christian churches that were not Catholic.

7. Divisions of Christianity

8. Martin Luther’s Teachings:
People could win salvation by faith in God’s gift of forgiveness (Church taught that faith and good deeds led to salvation)
All Church teachings should be clearly based on the Bible—both Pope and Church teachings were false authorities
All people of faith were EQUAL—priests were not needed to interpret the Bible

9. Predict/Pair/Share
How do you think the Catholic Church will respond to Martin Luther’s viewpoint on religion?
Is Luther justified in how actions?

10. The Response to Luther
Pope threatened Luther w/ excommunication unless Luther recanted (took back what he said)…Luther refused and was excommunicated.
Holy Roman Emperor Charles V declares Luther a heretic and outlaw
Followers of Luther start new church (Lutherans)

11. The Response to Luther
After many rebellions by peasants, Charles V allows local princes to decide religion of their area (Peace of Augsburg).
Christians who belong to non-Catholic churches become known as Protestants (because they protested the Pope).

12. Assignment 1-3 – Each response 2-3 complete sentences.
What political, social, and economic factors helped start the Reformation? (Notes)
Explain how Elizabeth I was able to bring religious peace to England. (p. 60)
Do you think that Luther or Henry VIII had a better reason to break from the Catholic Church? Explain your reasoning. (Notes and p.58-59)
In Small Groups - On a Separate sheet of printer paper: Create a “5 Theses” in response to changes you would make at Mesa.
For each, explain how this would make Mesa a better learning environment.

13. England Becomes Protestant – p.58
Henry VIII breaks with Catholic Church so he can remarry in hopes of having a male heir to his throne.
Henry VIII gets Parliament to pass Act of Supremacy calling on people to take an oath recognizing his divorce and have him as head of England’s Church.
Henry’s heirs (male and female) rule England for over 60 years

14. England Becomes Protestant
Religious battle between his Catholic and Protestant children.
Elizabeth eventually established Church of England (Anglican Church) as only legal church and with her as its leader.
Elizabeth makes concessions to allow Catholics and Protestants to peacefully coexist.