1. Top Down Development: Sardar Sarovar Dam
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Key words.
Top-down development impacts
Learning Objective.
To be able to evaluate the impact of one large top-down project (Sardar Sarovar Dam) on different groups of people in a developing country..

2. Using page 242 of the Green text book.
Explain how these groups benefit from the dam
People in India’s urban areas
Farmers in Western India (Gujarat, Maharastra, Rajastha and Madhya Pradesh)
Explain how these groups lose out because of the dam
Local villagers
Local farmers
Overall, do you think the dam is a good development project for India?

3. It benefits
It creates problems for
People in urban areas
3.5 billion litres of drinking water
1450 megawatts of electricity; providing cheap energy and thus creating jobs.
Local villages
235 villages drowned; 320,000 forced to leave
religious/historic sites of cultural importance lost
can’t afford electricity
earthquakes are more likely due to the large weight of water
Farmers in Western India
irrigates 1.8 million hectares of farmland, ensuring better growing conditions
helps combat drought – which can cause £20bn worth of lost income each year
Local farmers
irrigation can increase soil salinity making the soil less usable
daming the river stops annual floods which brought fertile sediment
farmland submerged

4. For a top-down development project that you have studied, explain its benefits and problems (8 marks)