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Olivine Group (A2+)2SiO4.

Published byΒερενίκη Κανακάρης-Ρούφος Modified over 6 years ago

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Presentation on theme: "Olivine Group (A2+)2SiO4."— Presentation transcript:

1 Olivine Group (A2+)2SiO4

2 Olivine End-Members Forsterite Mg2SiO4 Fayalite Fe2SiO4
Tephroite Mn2SiO4 Liebenbergite Ni2SiO4 Co-olivine Co2SiO4 Ca-olivine Ca2SiO4 Monticellite CaMgSiO4 Kirschsteinite CaFeSiO4 Glaucochroite CaMnSiO4

3

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5 Olivine Occurrences Forsterite - Fayalite
Fo90 Olivine is major mineral of upper mantle Minor phase in basalt and gabbro Fayalite is secondary in silicic volcanics Monticellite accessory in mantle nudules Tephroite and glaucochroite silicic volcanics and Mn skarns Liebenbergite secondary in Ni deposits

6 Olivine Nodules, San Carlos

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8 Gabbro, Skaergaard

9 Olivine in Gabbro

10 Olivine Structure

11 Olivine Structure Orthorhombic Pbnm a = 4.7 - 5.1Å b = 10.1 - 11.2Å
Z = 4

12 Olivine Structure M1 M2 Si O1, O2 O3 Pt sym = -1 @ (0, 0, 0)
Pt symm = ( x, y, 1/4) Si O1, O2 O3 Pt symm = ( x, y, z)

13 Olivine M1 M1 is at origin Smaller M site More distorted in angles
Less distorted in distances Mg, Fe olivines are disordered Ni prefers M1

14 Olivine M2 On mirror at (x, y, 1/4) Larger M site
Less distorted in angles More distorted in distances Mg, Fe olivines are disordered Ca, Mn prefer M2

15 Olivine Chemistry Mantle olivines are Fo94 - Fo86
Minor elements are divalent cations and H Ni (M1) up to 0.1 wt % NiO Mn (M2) up to 0.1 wt% MnO Ca (M2) up to 0.1 wt% CaO Very low in mono- and tri-valent cations Minor P in meteoritic Olivine

16 Olivine Stability b g a

17 Olivine Thermal Expansion

18 Olivine Compression

19 Hydration of Olivine Unit Cell parameters and complete crystal structure refinements. (Hydrous olivine composition) Fo 100: Pure Synthetic Forsterite SC: San Carlos olivine (Fo91) CS San Carlos + H2O º SS0001: ºC (Wadsleyite + Olivine) SS0003: ºC (Olivine only) SS0004: ºC (Olivine only)

20 SC CS SS0004 SS0003 SS0001 Fo100

21 SC CS SS0004 SS0003 SS0001 Fo100

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