1. Viruses & cells

2. Human Immunodeficiency Virus
HIV

3. Influenza Virus

4. Bacteriophage Virus

5. What is so special about VIRUSES?
Viral reproduction requires a living cell. Can’t reproduce on its own!
Viruses are considered “NON-LIVING”
Some viruses replicate through the LYTIC CYCLE
Other viruses replicate through the LYSOGENIC CYCLE (HIV)
Don’t metabolize nutrients

6. Lysogenic Infection: can stay dormant for a long time before it breaks out of the cell and infects other cells. Viral DNA is within the host DNA and replicates together. Ex. Herpes virus, HIV
Lytic Infection: Happens quickly and destroys infected cell. DNA replicates separately from the host DNA.
Ex. Flu

7. I Need to Remember… Viruses are considered “Non-Living”
Viruses use the cells machinery to help it reproduce
Viruses are considered “Non-Living”
Viruses replicated by the LYTIC or the LYSOGENIC cycle
Viruses and cells both have nucleic acids- Viruses can have DNA or RNA NEVER both!
HIV is a virus that infects & destroys immune system cells
Antibiotics can’t kill a virus

8. A person infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may not have any symptoms for a period of time. During this period the virus affects the body by doing which of the following?
The virus produces toxins that weaken immune cells and prevent them from reproducing.
The virus damages immune cells while using their machinery to produce copies of itself.
The virus uses nutrients meant for immune cells to fuel its own cellular respiration
The virus changes the identity of the nucleotides of immune cells to prevent the immune system from functioning normally.

9. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an illness caused by a coronavirus. Symptoms including high fever, headaches, and body aches typically occur two to seven days after infection by the virus. SARS is more serious in elderly patients. This information suggests that the reproductive cycle of SARS virus is?
lysogenic, because the virus is a coronavirus
Lytic, because the virus causes respiratory illness
Lysogenic, because the virus primarily affects older people
Lytic, because of the quick onset of symptoms after infection

10. Lytic Cycle Manipulative-
Put these pictures in order from 1-7 in the lytic cycle and match them with the correct definition of what is happening at each step. Then number your paper 1-7 in the correct order from start to finish!

12. 1. 4. 2. 5. 3. 6. 7.

13. What your paper should look like!4. 5. 6. 1. 2. 3. 7.

14. Asexual binary fission Prokaryotic Single Celled
Coccus (Round)
Bacillus (Rod Shaped)
Spirilla (Spiral)
Asexual binary fission
Prokaryotic
Single Celled
No nucleus or membrane bound organelles
Sexual exchange
DNA by conjugation
Nitrogen fixing bacteria
Decomposers
Bacteria in intestines
and in food(cheese, yogurt)
Bacteria that cause disease such as
Tetanus, Strep Throat
Staph Infections
Tuberculosis
Antibiotic
Antibiotic Resistance

15. BACTERIA-PROKARYOTES

16. Using a light microscope a student identified the following characteristics of four organisms found in a sample of pond water.
Based on the observations of the student, which organisms most likely belong to the taxonomic group of bacteria?
Organisms 1 and B. Organisms 3 and C. Organisms 1 and D. Organisms 2 and 3

17. Some fungi secrete substances that are toxic to bacteria that compete with them for food. Scientists have used their knowledge of this ability of fungi in order to produce which of the following substances?
Yogurt
Fertilizers
Plastic
Antibiotics

18. Four different types of cells are shown below.
Which characteristic is shared by all four cells?
A mechanism for transforming sunlight into energy
Self locomotion
Membrane bound organelles that transport substances
Genetic material composed of DNA

19. Cell Membrane DNA Ribosomes Nucleus Fungus Animal/Plant No Organelles
Cytoplasm
Bacteria
Organelles
Protist
No nucleus
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
BOTH
DO as a class

20. Label CELLS & VIRUSES

21. Enhances the ability to cause disease due to being slippery
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
Cell Part
Function
Mitochondria
Energy (ATP) production
Nucleus
Holds genetic material (DNA)
Cell Membrane
Maintains Homeostasis; Regulates water and ion movement in and out of cell
Cytoplasm
Substance between cell organelles
Cell Part
Function
Vacuole
Storage
Chloroplast
Sight of photosynthesis to make energy
Cell wall
Outer structure to provide support
Nucleus
Holds genetic material (DNA)
Bacteria Cell
Virus
Cell Part
Function
Flagella
Provide movement
DNA
Genetic Material
Capsule
Enhances the ability to cause disease due to being slippery
Cytoplasm
Substance between cell organelles
Part
Function
Capsid
Contains DNA for infection
DNA
Genetic Material
Neck
Tail Fibers
Attachment

22. Match the Organelles with their function
Animal/Plant Cell/Both
Function
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Ribosome
Cell Membrane
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus
Lysosome
Vacuole
Mitochondria
Centriole
Cell Wall
Chloroplast

23. Organelle Cell Function Cytoplasm Both Nucleus Nucleolus Ribosome
6. Jelly like substance inside cell membrane
Nucleus
8.Holds/contains genetic material of the cell
Nucleolus
7.Small, dense region where assembly of ribosomes begin
Ribosome
12.Makes proteins
Cell membrane
10.Semi-Permeable, regulates what enters and leaves the cell
Rough E.R
14.Has ribosomes and helps them assemble and deliver proteins
Smooth E.R
13.Doesn’t have ribosomes and responsible for detoxification of drugs
Golgi Apparatus
11.Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other molecules for storage in cell
Lysosome
3.Breakdown materials in cell (cleans the cell of junk)
Vacuole
9.Sac like structure stores materials- plants have a big one
Mitochondria
4.Breaks down food for energy/Produces energy(ATP)
Centriole
Animal
2.Assist in cell division helps pull chromosomes to opposite sides of cell during mitosis
Cell Wall
Plant
1.Provides support, protection, and helps maintain shape
Chloroplasts
5.Uses energy from sun to produce food for plant (site of photosynthesis)

24. Word Bank for Venn Diagrams Only 1 word goes for both
VIRUS
CELLS
BOTH
Word Bank for Venn Diagrams
Only 1 word goes for both
Tail (bacteriophages)
Cell membrane
Capsid
Mitochondria
Vacuoles
Fibers
Nucleus
chloroplasts
Protein coat
Cytoplasm
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Living
Non living
Nucleic Acids (DNA)
Cell Wall

25. Cells Living Nucleus Virus Vacuoles Non living Cell walls Protein Coat
Cell Membranes
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
E.R
Chloroplasts
Virus
Non living
Protein Coat
Tail (bacteriophage)
Fibers
Capsid
BOTH
Nucleic Acids
(DNA)

26. Word Bank Virus Bacteria Cell Plant Cell Animal Cell Chloroplast
Mitochondria
Cell Wall
Cell Membrane
DNA
Genetic material
Cytoplasm
Photosynthesis