1. The Human Ear

26. Name the structures that make up the outer ear.
Pinna
External Auditory Meatus (Ear Canal)
Tympanic Membrane (Ear Drum)

27. What are the ossicles? The small bones of the ear. Hammer (Malleus)
Anvil (Incus)
Stirrup (Stapes)

28. Name the structures that make up the bony (osseous) labyrinth.
Cochlea
Semicircular Canals
Vestibule

29. Which structures are not involved in hearing
Which structures are not involved in hearing? They contain the receptors for the sense of ↔.
Semicircular Canals
Vestibule

30. Which structure allows pressure in the middle ear to be equalized with Patm?
Auditory Tube (Eustacian Tube)

31. This structure vibrates as longitudinal sound waves strike it; then transmits the vibrations to the ossicles.
Tympanic Membrane (Ear Drum)

32. Connects the nasopharynx and middle ear
Auditory (Eustacian) Tube

33. The structure that transmits vibrations from the stirrup to the fluid in the inner ear.
Oval Window

34. The fluid that bathes the sensory receptors of the inner ear.
Endolymph

35. The fluid contained within the osseous labyrinth that bathes the membranous labyrinth
Perilymph

36. Contains the Organ of Corti
Cochlea

39. Identify the major areas of the membranous labyrinth: semicircular canals, saccule, utricle, and cochlear duct

40. ID each receptor: Organ of Corti, Crista Ampullaris, Macula

41. Organ of Corti

46. Acoustic Macula Otoliths Gelatinous Cap Hair Cells Supporting Cells
Vestibular Nerve Axons

47. Normal Hair Cells

48. Damaged Hair Cells

49. The receptors for ____ ↔ are found in the crista ampullaris of the ____.
These receptors respond to Δs in ____ motion.
When motion begins, the ___ fluid lags behind and the ___ is bent, which excites the hair cells.
When motion stops suddenly, the fluid flows in the opposite dxn and again stimulates the hair cells

50. The receptors for ___ ↔ are found in the maculae of the ___ and ___.
These receptors report the position of the head in space.
Tiny stones found in a gel overlying the hair cells roll in response to the pull of ___.

51. As they roll, the gel moves and tugs on the hair cells, exciting them.
Besides the ↔ receptors of the inner ear, the sense of ___ and ___ are also important in helping to maintain ↔.

52. Deafness

53. Conduction
Can result from the fusion of the ossicles

54. Sensorineural
Can result from damage to the cochlear nerve

55. Sensorineural
Sound is heard in one ear but not in the other, during both bone and air conduction

56. Conduction
Often improved by a hearing aid

57. Conduction and Sensorineural
Can result from otitis media
an inflammation/infection of the middle ear (the cavity between the eardrum and the inner ear).

58. Conduction
Can result from XSive earwax or a perforated eardrum

59. Sensorineural
Can result from a blood clot in the auditory cortex of the brain

60. Conduction Deafness
hearing loss due to problems with the bones of the middle ear

61. Sensorineural (Central) Deafness
Hearing loss or impairment due to a lesion or defect of the cochlea or the acoustic nerve.