1. Water cycle Water moves between the ocean, atmosphere and land.
When water changes from liquid form to an atmospheric gas = evaporation
When water enters the atmosphere by evaporating from the leaves of plants = transpiration
When water vapor condenses into tiny droplets = condensation
Water returns to Earth’s surface in the form of precipitation

2. DRAW THIS and BE ABLE TO LABEL THIS DRAWING ON THE TEST!!!
The Water Cycle
Section 3-3
Condensation
Precipitation
Transpiration
Evaporation
Runoff
Seepage
Root
Uptake
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3. Nutrient cycles The food you eat contains energy and chemicals
Nutrients = chemical substances that an organism requires to live
Nutrients pass between organisms and the environment through biogeochemical cycles.
Three important nutrient cycles:
Carbon cycle
Nitrogen cycle
Phosphorus cycle

4. Carbon cycle Carbon is the key ingredient in all living organisms
Carbon cycles between various components of the biosphere through different processes
Biological processes (photosynthesis/respiration)
Geochemical processes (volcanoes releasing CO2)
Biogeochemical processes (organisms burial converts into coal/fossil fuels)
Human activities (mining/burning fossil fuels/cutting trees)

5. CO2 in
Atmosphere
CO2 in Ocean
The Carbon Cycle
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6. Nitrogen cycle
All organisms require nitrogen to make amino acids, which build proteins
Nitrogen gas (N2) makes up 78% of Earth’s atmosphere
Decomposers = bacteria living in soil and on the roots of plants (legumes) can convert nitrogen gas into ammonia = nitrogen fixation
Some bacteria converts nitrates into nitrogen gas = denitrification

7. N2 in Atmosphere
NH3
NO3-
and NO2-
The Nitrogen Cycle
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8. Phosphorus cycle
All living organisms require phosphorus because it forms parts of DNA and RNA
Phosphorus exists in an inorganic form mostly on land in rock/soil and in ocean sediments
As the rocks and sediments gradually wear down, phosphate is released
When plants absorb phosphate, they bind the phosphate into organic compounds so it can move through the food web

9. Phosphorous Cycle