1. Susan Adams Kilman LCSW, AADC
DRUG TRENDS 2018
Susan Adams Kilman LCSW, AADC

2. REFER TO COMMONLY ABUSE DRUGS HANDOUT FOR DETAILS
OBJECTIVES
EXAMINE SUBSTANCES WITH THE HIGHEST RATE OF USE IN ARKANSAS, PARTICULARLY OPIATES
BRIEF DISCUSSION OF IMPACT ON PHYSICAL, MENTAL, AND EMOTIONAL FUNCTIONING.
REVIEW TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR EACH SUBSTANCE
DISCUSS THE ROLE OF PREVENTION
REFER TO COMMONLY ABUSE DRUGS HANDOUT FOR DETAILS

3. OVERVIEW
RECENT INTERVIEW WITH LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICAL REVEALED THAT IN CENTRAL ARKANSAS:
1) ALCOHOL CONTINUES TO BE THE MOST ABUSED SUBSTANCE
2) CANNABIS/UTILIZATION OF E-CIGS FOR WAX/BUDDER
3) OPIATES ($6 TO $20 PER PILL DEPENDING ON SUPPLY/DEMAND) CARFENTANIL IS A DANGEROUS AS THEY SAY
HE ALSO NOTED: FEWER LOCAL LABS FOR METH, OBTAINED FROM SIX SUPER LABS IN MEXICO. MORE BROWN HEROIN THAN BLACK TAR, ISSUES WITH MIX (Officer interview, 01/19/2018)

4. ALCOHOL ABUSE
Examined in three categories: alcohol use, binge use, and heavy use
Binge use
Men = 5+ on at least one occasion in past thirty days
Women=4+ on at least one occasion
Heavy use
Men =5+ on at least five days in the past thirty
Women 4+ on at least five days in the past thirty

5. ALCOHOL
In 2016, Million Americans, ages 12+ report alcohol abuse, including
65.3 million who report binge drinking, and million who report heavy drinking.
One in Five underage Americans ages 12 to 20 report alcohol use
A recent report indicated that binge and heavy drinking has increased from for adults.
Drinking before age 15 leads a person to be 4x more likely to become alcohol dependent.

6. See handout on Marijuana Concentrates
CANNABIS
Marijuana is the most commonly used illicit substance
The rate of use in Arkansas is increasing but still less than the national average.
In 2015, 53% of drug related arrests came from marijuana/hashish
In 2016, 24 million Americas age 12+ reported using marijuana.
6.5% 12 to 17 years of age-
20.8% or 1 in 5 for years of age
7.2 % 26 and older
Marijuana concentrates: “budder” or “dabbing” contain extraordinary levels that could range from 40 to 80%
CBD and THC are the two primary cannabinoids produced by the cannabis (marijuana) plant.
See handout on Marijuana Concentrates
See handout on CBDs

7. PRESCRIPTION DRUG ABUSE
Approximately 16 million people in the United States abuse prescription medications.
In general, men abuse prescription drugs more than women – with the exception of people ages 12 to 17. In this group, females abuse more than males.
More than 1,600 teens begin abusing prescription drugs every day.
Many teens and young adults mistakenly believe prescription drugs are safer than other street drugs.
After marijuana and alcohol, the most common drugs teens are using/misusing are prescription medications.
Among people 18-22, full-time college students are twice as likely to use a stimulant for non-medical reasons compared to those who aren’t in college or are going to college part-time.
Approximately 1 in 4 teens reported abusing or misusing a prescription drug.

8. PRESCRIPTION DRUG ABUSE
A recent report by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) shows Arkansas’ 75 counties had rates higher than the national average of prescriptions per 100 people for overall opioid prescribing. Arkansas has a prescription opioid rate of per 100, which is second only to Alabama's average of 121 per 100 people.
The CDC reported from June of 2016 to June of 2017 that Arkansas had 392 deaths from opioid overdose up 6.2% from 369 the prior year. The report also shows nationally that the trend of overdose deaths from drug overdoses continue to rise. At least 66,324 drug overdoses deaths during the 12-month period ending in May 2017, which is up 17% from the 56,488 who died between May 2015 and May 2016, according to data published by the National Center for Health Statistics.
Recover-Completes-Guide-For-Inpatient-Drug-Rehab-Arkansas-Facilities.html

9. SYNTHETIC OPIATES
U47700
U is a synthetic opioid developed in the 1970s by the Michigan-based pharmaceutical manufacturing firm Upjohn. A chemical compound formed during research, U sat dormant for many years but has resurfaced on the streets. U is being sourced overseas from China and Eastern Europe. The painkiller is almost eight times stronger than morphine and is readily available, and affordable, online. U-47700’s extreme potency, and lack of government regulation, has health officials deeply concerned as overdoses rise.
U is commonly referred to as U-4, Pink or Pinky.

10. SYNTHETIC OPIATES
CAREFENTANIL Carfentanil is a synthetic opioid that is 10,000 times more potent than morphine and 100 times more potent than fentanyl, which itself is 50 times more potent than heroin. DEA, local law enforcement and first responders have recently seen the presence of carfentanil, which has been linked to a significant number of overdose deaths in various parts of the country. Improper handling of carfentanil, as well as fentanyl and other fentanyl-related compounds, has deadly outcomes. Used as an animal sedative.

11. SYNTHETIC OPIATES
GRAY DEATH Start with heroin. Mix in the powerful painkiller fentanyl, which has 50 times more punch. Add a dash of carfentanil, which is an animal tranquilizer 100 times more powerful than fentanyl and made to be used on tigers and elephants.

12. ARKANSAS CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES
s/documents/controlled_substances_list.pdf

13. SYNTHETIC CATHINONES

14. EXPERIENCES WITH BATH SALTS
A 33-year-old Hot Springs man who told authorities he was "tripping out" on bath salts is accused of causing thousands of dollars worth of damage to a fast-food restaurant
This product is poison… After the first hour I started to feel the cocaine-ish comedown that grew increasingly worse. The left side of my chest began to tighten and my heart was beating faster than ever… Paranoia set in… I was very close to requesting hospital treatment, but I waited it out. I would get better, a little worse, back and forth, but eventually after 3 to 4 hours I was feeling thankful to be alive and sober… The reports of people dying, or going to the hospital ARE NOT BULL***T… This is dangerous poison that some scum is making cash off of in the most evil of ways.” —G.F. (Foundation for a Drug Free America)

15. PREVENTION
Arkansas has first in nation prevention curriculum for prescription drug abuse for high school students.
Successful take back prescription programs

16. PREVENTION INFORMATION
Arkansas Contacts
Agency
Arkansas Office of Alcohol and Drug Abuse Prevention
305 South Palm Street
Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
National Prevention Network Contact
Tenesha Barnes
Early Intervention and Prevention Manager
Arkansas Department of Human Services, Division of Behavioral Health Services
sends )
Epidemiologist
Kristy Bondurant
sends )

17. FINAL THOUGHT
PEOPLE ARE NOT ADDICTED TO IDEAS OF USING ALCOHOL AND DRUGS. THEY ARE ADDICTED TO ESCAPING REALITY, EVEN IF THE ESCAPE IS INTO DEATH.