1. Day 5 Friday 10/16
Ms. Turnbull

2. Grab “The Crusades” handout off the back table
Bell work 10/16
Grab “The Crusades” handout off the back table
Write your objective/agenda on your bell work
Under the bell work section, write “The Crusades Handout”
TURN IN BELL WORK PAPER TO BACK BIN
Close read “The Crusades”
Underline anything that has been talked about in class
Circle any unknown or confusing words
Write a 1-sentence summary for each paragraph
Write a 1 paragraph summary of the entire reading on the back

3. Today in history 10/16
1793 Queen Marie Antoinette is beheaded by guillotine during the French Revolution.
1969 New York Mets win the World Series

4. Charlemagne
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5. This emperor is known as Charlemagne, or Charles the Great.
Around 800, Western Europe was united when the grandson of Charles Martel built an empire reaching across France, Germany, and part of Italy.
This emperor is known as Charlemagne, or Charles the Great.
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7. Charlemagne was very tall, with a height of 6 feet, four inches.
He loved battle and spent much of his reign engaged in war.
His conquests reunited much of the old Roman Empire.
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8. A Christian Emperor
In 800, Pope Leo III asked Charlemagne for help in fighting the rebellious nobles in Rome.
Frankish armies marched south and crushed the rebellion.
On Christmas Day, the pope showed Charlemagne his gratitude by proclaiming him Emperor of the Romans.
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10. The ceremony was very significant.
A Christian pope had crowned a German king successor to the Roman emperors.
This action served as the foundation for more power struggles between future Roman Catholic popes and German emperors.
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11. The pope’s action angered the emperor of the Eastern Roman empire in Constantinople.
The eastern emperor felt that he was the only Roman ruler, and would not acknowledge the Frankish king.
This conflict served to widen the split between the eastern and western Christian worlds.
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12. Government
Charlemagne tried to control his many lands and create a unified Christian Europe.
Working closely with the Church, he helped to spread Christianity to the people in conquered lands of the outlying areas of his empire.
Missionaries converted many Saxons and Slavs.
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13. He gave them land so they would continue to support him.
Like other Germanic kings, Charlemagne appointed powerful nobles to rule local regions.
He gave them land so they would continue to support him.
He sent out officials called missi dominici to check on roads, listen to grievances, and see that justice was done.
Click on Map to Enlarge
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15. Revival of Learning:
Charlemagne wanted to make his court at Aachen a “second Rome”.
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16. Revival of Learning:
He set out to revive the use of Latin in his empire.
Education had declined so much that even educated clergy were sadly ignorant.
Charlemagne could read, but could not write.
Still, he knew his officials needed to keep accurate records and write clear reports.
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17. Charlemagne founded a school at Aachen directed by Alcuin, a respected scholar.
Alcuin hired scholars to copy ancient manuscripts, including the Bible and Latin works of history and science.
Click on picture to enlarge
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19. After Charlemagne died in 814, his empire soon fell apart.
Charlemagne’s sons were unable to preserve his empire after his death.
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20. Many Groups attacked Charlemagne’s Empire. Muslims from North Africa
Magyar barbarians from central Asia
Vikings from the north
Charlemagne’s Empire was weakened and finally fell.
For almost 200 years, from about , Viking raiders terrorized the coastal and river areas of Europe.
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