1. Bellwork
Define tissue. (Hint – look at your crossword or your notes from chapter 1!)
Tissue: A group of cells that work together for the same function.

2. Tissues 4 Main Tissue Types 1 – Epithelial 2 – Connective 3 – Muscle
4 – Nervous
Tissues differ from each other in size, shape, amount, kind of material, and function.

3. 1 – Epithelial Tissue Covers body and parts. Packed tightly together
No blood vessels
Basement membrane anchors to tissue underneath
Regenerate easily

4. 1 – Epithelial Tissue Shape Squamous – Flat and scale like
Cuboidal – Cube shaped
Columnar – Higher than wide
Arrangement
Simple – Single layer of same shaped cells
Stratified – Many layers of same shaped cells
Transitional – Several layers of different shaped cells

5. 1 – Epithelial Tissue Simple Squamous Single layer, flat, scale-like
Function – Absorption
Ex. Oxygen into blood from lungs (capillaries and alveoli)
Stratified Squamous
Several layers of closely packed cells
Function – Protection from microorganisms
Ex. Skin and mucous membranes

6. 1 – Epithelial Tissue Stratified Transitional
Found in areas needed to stretch
Usually ten or more layers (protection) when not stretched
When stretching occurs, epithelial sheet
expands to form a few layers
Ex. Urinary bladder
Simple Columnar
Contain “goblet cells” which produce mucous.
Specialize in absorption.
Ex. Inner surfaces of stomach, intestines, and parts of respiratory and reproductive tracts.

7. 1 – Epithelial Tissue Pseudo-stratified
Appears to be two layered but actually is not (pseudo – false)
Absorption and secretion
Contain cilia
Ex. Trachea and windpipe
Glandular
Act alone or in groups (glands).
Exocrine glands – Release products into ducts. (Ex. Liver)
Endocrine glands – Release hormones into bloodstream. (Ex. Thyroid)

8. Interesting Fact
Up to 90% of human cancers originate in epithelial cells.

9. Exit Ticket
Describe as many general characteristics about epithelial tissue as you can. (Hint – We had 5 in our notes)

10. Connective, Muscle and Nervous Tissue

11. 2 – Connective Tissue Most abundant type of tissue
Vary in blood supply
Extracellular matrix – non-living material surrounding living cells
Protein fibers and ground substance (mostly water)

12. 2 – Connective Tissue A) Areolar Thin delicate membranes
“Glue” that anchors internal organs.
Ex. Subcutaneous layer below skin
B) Adipose
Space between cells so they may swell,
nucleus pushed to one side
Specialized to store lipids, insulation
Reticular
Thin network of fibers
Provides support in organs which hold free
blood cells (lymph nodes, spleen)

13. 2 – Connective Tissue D) Bone (osseous tissue)
Matrix is hard and calcified.
Store Calcium and Phosphorus
Provide protection and support.
Dense
Make up tendons and ligaments

14. 2 – Connective Tissue F) Blood Liquid matrix
Function – Transportation and
Protection
Ex. Red and White blood cells
Cartilage
3 types:
Hyaline – fetal skeleton
Elastic – ears
Fibrocartilage – intervertebral discs

15. 3 – Muscle Tissue 3 Types Skeletal (Striated)
Voluntary -can be willfully controlled.
Many nuclei
Individual cells appear threadlike.
Attached to bones - create movement.

16. 3 – Muscle Tissue B) Cardiac Only in heart Involuntary
Striations and intercalated disks.
Allows the heart to
beat

17. 3 – Muscle Tissue C) Smooth (Visceral)
Form walls of hollow organs (blood vessels, intestines)
Involuntary
Non- striated

18. 4 – Nervous Tissue Neurons and support cells
Send impulses to other areas of the body

19. Nerve Tissue
Neurons contain 1 axon (carry impulses away from cell body) and 1 or more dendrites (carry impulses to cell body)

20. Tissue Discussion
Three patients in an ICU are examined by the doctor. One pt has brain damage from a stroke, another had a heart attack that severely damaged his heart muscle, and the third has a severely damaged liver (a gland) from a crushing injury in a car accident. All 3 pts have stabilized and will survive, but only one will have full functional recover through regeneration. Which one and why?

21. Tissue Discussion
Cancer-causing agents (carcinogens) usually act on dividing cells. Which of the four tissues would carcinogens most influence? Why?

22. Tissue Discussion
Joints such as the shoulder, elbow, and knee contain considerable amounts of cartilage and dense regular connective tissue. How does this explain that joint injuries are often slow to heal?

23. Tissue Repair Regeneration Fibrosis
Replacement of destroyed tissue by the same kind of cells
Fibrosis
Repair by dense fibrous connective tissue (scar)