1. Ancient Civilization
Egypt

2. Egyptian Empire About 1450 B.C.

4. Civilization: Nile River
Located in Africa
Flows North
The Nile cycle-
Flood
plant
harvest

5. Specialized Workers Bricklayers - Potters Blacksmiths - Architects
Artisans specialized in various jobs, such as:
Bricklayers - Potters
Blacksmiths - Architects
Mummifiers
Doctors

6. Job Specialization Created great architecture and art
monumental architecture
pyramids, ziggurats, big cities
huge temples and associated structures
to fill the needs of a god-oriented state
under the control of the priestly class

7. Complex Institutions - Political
Theocracy
system in which the ruler is a divine figure.
- Power was passed from one dynasty to another and land remained united.

8. Menes 1st pharaoh of Egypt start the 1st national government
- united the two regions. He is believed to have been the
1st pharaoh of Egypt
start the 1st national government
1st Egyptian Dynasty.

9. 3 different Kingdoms (old, middle and new)
Old Kingdom BCE
Old Kingdom- 3rd dynasty- pharaohs (Egyptian rulers) were believed to be gods.
Viziers- chief ministers
Viziers also collected taxes, farming, etc.
During this time the pyramids (tombs for eternity) were built. They believed in life after death.

10. **Sphinx and pyramids

11. Middle Kingdom BCE
Middle Kingdom- corruption and rebellions, but still was able to dig canals for irrigation

12. New Kingdom- regained power and created a larger empire.
New Kingdom BCE
New Kingdom- regained power and created a larger empire.

13. King Tutankhamen Tomb found completely intact
18 year old ruler found in 1922, he was a minor ruler. What made him so famous was that his tomb was found completely intact.
Tomb found completely intact

14. Complex Institutions: Religion
Polytheistic - believed divine forces ruled this world and the afterlife.
Amon-Re- chief god, sun god
Osiris- god of the underworld and the Nile (controlled annual floods)
Isis- goddess taught women skills
Akhenation- tried to sweep away all gods except Aton, he failed. Due to others being afraid to abandon their gods.
Egyptians believed that gods promised eternal life after death.

15. Book of the Dead
Test- souls had to pass a test in order to win eternal life.
Book of the Dead- contains, spells, charms for dead to use in the afterlife. It was placed in the tombs.

16. Valley of the Kings
pharaohs were buried here

17. Advanced Cities Thebes Planned and usually walled cities
Memphis
Thebes
Planned and usually walled cities
Centers of worship and trade

18. Advanced Technology Irrigation, levees – control of the Nile
Mummification-preservation of the dead
Pulleys
Levers
Architecture
Calendar
Numbers – geometry
Medicine

19. Papyrus- paper like material, use reed pens and ink
Record Keeping
Papyrus- paper like material, use reed pens and ink
Paper was not invented until AD 100 in China

20. Hieroglyphics Hieroglyphics- pictograms that depicted objects
Scribes- kept records on all going- on
Hieroglyphics- pictograms that depicted objects

21. Rosetta Stone:
The stone was found written in 3 languages: Hieroglyphics, simple hieroglyphics, and ancient Greek. The Greek could be translated and allowed us to translate the hieroglyphics.