1. 1L= 1000 mL
1kg= 2.2 lbs
1mph= 26.8 mmin-1
1 lb of fat= 3500kcal
1 MET = 3.5 mLkg-1min-1
1 W= 6 kgmmin-1
1L O2min-1 = 5 kcalmin-1
1 in = m=2.54 cm
Pace: min/mile to mph = 60/time
7.5 min/mile / 60 min/hr = 8mph
Kcal/min = METS * 3.5 * Body Weight
200
OR Kcal/min = VO2 * Body Weight
1L O2min-1 = 5 kcalmin-1

2. Metabolic Calculations (S=Speed in m/min; G= % Grade)
MODE Horizonal Vertical Rest
Walking VO2 = (0.1• S) (1.8 • S • G)
TM & Running VO2 = (0.2• S) (0.9 • S • G)
Leg Ergometry VO2 = 1.8 (work rate)
Body Weight
Arm Ergometry VO2 = 3 (Work Rate)
Stepping VO2 = (0.2• f) (1.33 • 1.8 • h • f) + 3.5
CARRY OUT EACH STEP TO 2 DECIMAL PLACES
Monark Cycle Work Rate: Resistance X Revs/min x 6m/rev
Tunturi Cycle Work Rate: Resistance X Revs/min x 3m/rev
Monark Arm Work Rate: Resistance X Revs/min x 2.4m/rev