1. HIV & AIDS Human Immunodeficiency Virus *HIV attacks the immune system
Acquired
Immune
Deficiency
Syndrome

2. How does it work?
B-Cells T-Cells
Soldiers
Generals

3. B-Cells – produce antibodies
T-Cells – a type of white blood cell that tailors the body's immune response to specific pathogens

4. HIV infects – “HELPER T CELLS”
These cells stimulate other cells of the immune system to produce antibodies against invading pathogens.

5. Inside the helper T cell, HIV produces, killing the cell in process.
The new viruses are released from the cell and move on to destroy other helper T cells.
The fewer the helper T cells, the more advanced the disease.

6. Blood, Semen, Vaginal Fluids, Breast Milk
Transmission
Blood, Semen, Vaginal Fluids, Breast Milk
Sex, Oral, Anal, & Vaginal
Intravenous drug use, sharing needles
Transferring blood (Tattoos, body piercing)
Mother to baby during pregnancy, birth breast feeding

7. Preventing HIV Infection
Practice Abstinence
Avoid Drugs
Avoid Contact with Blood or Body Fluids
Monogamous relationship- 1 person
Barrier Protection - condom

8. HIV Stage ARC Stage Aids Related Complex Symptoms are present
No symptoms
3-6 month latency
Still transmitted
ARC Stage
Aids Related Complex
Symptoms are present

9. Common Early Symptoms Diarrhea Weight loss Fever Fatigue Thrush
Leukoplakia
Herpes Outbreak

10. AIDS Stage Kaposi’s Sarcoma Tuberculosis PCP Pneumonia
*Aids Cocktail consists of multiple medications taken daily to counteract symptoms
*Not a cure, just a symptom reliever, there is no known cure at the present time*

11. Testing for HIV Only way to know is to have a blood test.
In an HIV test, a person’s blood is tested for antibodies to HIV.
If antibodies are detected, a second test is done to verify the result.
Diagnosed =‘s HIV-positive

12. HIV Positive Diagnosis
Notify all previous sexual partners so they can be tested.
Early diagnosis is important to prevent the spread of the disease and start treatment.
If tested positive, it is hard to cope with and should seek counseling.

13. Treatment
The goal of treatment is to keep the person’s immune system functioning and as close to normal as possible.
Keep the viral load – the number of particles circulating in the body
Keep the helper T cells as high as possible
Living with HIV- can still carry on with your career and other activities. But have to avoid risky behaviors that put them at risk for infecting someone else.
The Need for Support-loved ones need to be around to deal with distress and anxiety. Also support could meaning offering financial assistance for therapy.

14. In the 40 states and 5 U.S. dependent areas with confidential name-based HIV infection reporting since at least January 2006, the estimated rate of diagnoses of HIV infection among adults and adolescents was 21.1 per 100,000 population in The rate for adults and adolescents diagnosed with HIV infection ranged from zero per 100,000 in American Samoa and the Northern Mariana Islands to 40.6 per 100,000 in Georgia.
The following 40 states have had laws or regulations requiring confidential name-based HIV infection reporting since at least January 2006: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. The 5 U.S. dependent areas include American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands.
Data include persons with a diagnosis of HIV infection regardless of stage of disease at diagnosis. All displayed data have been estimated. Estimated numbers resulted from statistical adjustment that accounted for reporting delays, but not for incomplete reporting. 14

15. The upper curve on the line graph represents the estimated number of AIDS diagnoses in the United States and dependent areas from ; the lower curve represents the estimated number of deaths of adults and adolescents with an AIDS diagnosis during this time period. The peak in AIDS diagnoses during 1993 can be associated with the expansion of the AIDS surveillance case definition implemented in January The overall declines in new AIDS cases and deaths of persons with AIDS are due in part to the success of highly active antiretroviral therapies, introduced in 1996.
In recent years, AIDS diagnoses and deaths of persons with AIDS have continued to decrease.
All displayed data have been estimated. Estimated numbers resulted from statistical adjustment that accounted for reporting delays, but not for incomplete reporting.
Deaths of persons with an AIDS diagnosis may be due to any cause (may not be AIDS-related). Deaths of persons with an AIDS diagnosis are classified as adult or adolescent based on age at death. 15

16. HIV AIDS Prevention Abstinence Safe Sex
Do Not Share Needles-Tattoos, body piercing, drugs
No transfer of Blood